Hungarian Uprising

Question 1

date

Answer 1

1956

Question 2

causes

Answer 2

1. death of stalin in 1953
2. Kruschnev takes power
3. destalinization speech
4. Poland revolution
5. HUngary; patriotic and hate soviet control

Question 3

death of stalin

Answer 3

1953; west awaiting power struggle upon his death

Question 4

krushchev in power

Answer 4

• he takes power in 1956
• has to consolidate his authority afer stalin; win respect among other communist members
• he loosesn government control over private citienzry lives; MAO AND OTHER COMMUNIST COUNTRIES criticize this as they feel its an attack to their leader (Stalin on Sino-Soviet relations)
• Kruschev gives destalinization speech; condems Stalin for this actions against the people of the USSR during the purges; has to distance himself from stalin and establish himself as an individual

Question 5

hungary patriotic

Answer 5

• theyre patriotic and hate soviet control
• very religion and communist banns that
• soviet control; AVH secret police, russian control of economy and education
• censorship[ pand lack of freedom

HOPE: that US and Eisenhower would aid them

Question 6

the polish revolution

Answer 6

Poland succesffuly challgenged the established system and changed countless coditions
- public revels to communism, however decided to stay socialist in a ‘polish’ manner

Question 7

key players

Answer 7

• Imre Nagy
• Krushchev
• Mayas Rakoski
• Janos Kadar

Question 8

the hungarian uprising events

Answer 8

1. students in Budapest stage peaceful demonstrations and draw up 16 demands; want a new government led by Imre Nagy, general elections, remove Russian language and troops
   SOVIET RESPONSE: send troops and impose marshall law
2. October; Communist leaders give in to proteststors demands; make Nagy PM
   - SOviet troops leave after trying to quell revolution; revolutionaries storm communisty party and free prisoners
3. Soviet troops return; Hungary withdraws from Warsaw Pact and asks for UN Assistance (hope for US aid but they dont)
4. Nagy attempts to democratize, UN busy with Suze crisis but want Soviets to remove forces
5. November; Soviets crush revoution, reinstall communisty party, support in GA, deport/execeute Nagy and MASS HUNGARIAN EMMIGRATION (9 million leave)

Question 9

Significance

Answer 9

1. 20,000 Hungarians and 1500 Soviets killed
2. confirms Soviet Dominance over satellite states; show SOviets that they can create a difference in Socialist Soviet World (like in POland) but not threats to Sovialist secruty and ideology (hungary)
3. relations with China strained
4. Conflicts with Kruschnevs Foreign Policy; knows he needs diplomacy but also anti-US expansionism (peaceful coexistence fails)
5. US inactivity strengthens soviet drive
6. emmigration of hungarians
7. Janos Kadar replaces imre Nagy

Question 10

Histiography

Answer 10

SHEN SHIHUA: china played a dominant role, first in pulling the soviet troops out of Budapest and then in Bringing them back

Question 11

difference to poland

Answer 11

nagy had declared hungary a neutral state while in poland the communist party retained power independent form the soviets

Question 12

hungary soviet dissent 1989 revolution

Answer 12

1. peaceful movement away from communism
   - worsening ecnomic coniditions, general dissatisfaction and hopes ofr a better economy
   - want to engage in trade with western europe
2. Janos Kadar remains in power and loans 1 billion deutschmark from west germany; named PM due to economic reforms
3. Kadare removes pjysical barrier between hungary and austria; allows citizen from warsaw pact to travel freely through hungary
4. = results in DEMOCRACY package; basic freedom, vibil rights, electroal feorms, Imre Nagy rehabed symbolligicaly, multi-party system, change in constitution
5. 1989; soviets withrdraw military from hungary
6. 1991; first free elections in hungary