Kolodrubetz 5 (Periodontal Bacteria)

Question 1

• facultative, gram negative, capnophilic rod
• mainly associated with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis (LAP, formerly Localized Juvenile Periodontitis)
• has pili for biofilm formation
• makes a cytolethal distending toxin
• can suppress T cells
• secretes a leukotoxin
• high leukotoxin strains
• predominate in most populations of LAP patients

Answer 1

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Question 2

• gram negative anaerobic rod
• “black” colonies due to hemin accumulation
• secretes lots of proteases that can cleave numerous host molecules (e.g., pro-BMPs)
• is asaccharolytic
• can invade epithelial cells
• has fimbria for adhesion

Answer 2

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Question 3

-gram negative, microaerophilic rod
-can produce H2S
-secretes a cytotoxin
-150 kda protein forms a
-paracrystalline structure
(S layer) covering bacterial surface

Answer 3

Campylobacter rectus

Question 4

• anaerobic spirochete
• motile due to periplasmic flagella
• chemotactic
• can adhere to host cells and matrix proteins
• produces several proteases
• produces H2S from glutathione

Answer 4

Treponema denticola

Question 5

• gram negative anaerobic rod
• has S-layer involved in attachment to host cells
• makes some proteases
• hard to culture

Answer 5

Tannerella forsythia

Question 6

• gram positive anaerobic rod
• first identified in failed endodontic infections
• relatively resistant to oxidative stress
• induces pro-inflammatory cytokines
• makes fifteen proteases

Answer 6

Filifactor alocis

Question 7

• gram negative anaerobic fusiform bacteria
• can adhere to and invade
  host cells
• can disrupt endothelial cell-cell junctions (tissue invasion)
• major virulence factor may be its ability to co-aggregate with many other bacteria

Answer 7

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Question 8

P. gingivalis uses ______, made by ______ to produce ______ that increases growth of ______.

Answer 8

1. succinate
2. T. denticola
3. isobutyric acid
4. T. denticola

Question 9

F. nucleatum makes ______ from glutamic and aspartic acids which elevates pH to a level preferred by ______.

Answer 9

1. NH3

2. P. gingivalis

Question 10

T. denticola can metabolize ______ and reduce the ______ allowing other anaerobes (______, ______) to grow.

Answer 10

1. glutathione
2. local oxygen tension
3. P. gingivalis, T. forsythia

Question 11

Streptococcus gordonii makes ______, the preferred carbon source for ______.

Answer 11

1. lactate

2. A. actinomycetemcomitans