Kohlberg

Question 1

what was kohlbergs aim

Answer 1

Kohlberg- the child as the moral philosopher

Aim: to investigate the develpement of moral reasoning in children in oder to create series that could apply to all

Question 2

what was kohlbergs sample and method REMEMBER method is NOT procedure

Answer 2

sample and method:
75 boys aged 10-16 ended at ages 22-28
Longitudinal study as was done over 12 years
Same boys used
Androcentric (all male)
Mainly from U.S however later did with tawaneise boys
Qualitive semi structured interviews

Question 3

what was kohlbergs procedure

Answer 3

Procedure- presented each child with a hypothetical moral dielma
They were asked to decide on the correct moral action
Each dilemma involved a conflict
The children discussed these issues and then asked a series of open ended questions

Question 4

what were kohlbergs findings

Answer 4

Findings:
• He found that moral development coule be split into 3 stages, pre conventional, conventional and post conventional
• He said that the atages are fixed so children cannot skip them (NOMOTHEIC) this means that everyone goes through the same stages and we should use the findings to apply to all people

Question 5

what are the stages to moral development

Answer 5

STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Pre conventional:

stage 1- in young children with direct actions and consequence’s they can ony see how their actions affect themselves( obedience and punishment )
Stage 2- self interest (instrumental purpose orientation) e.g. chores only for pocket money only concerned about whats in it for them

Conventional:
this is where the person will chose morally based on society views and expectations

stage 3- seeking approval by others e.g. behaving in lesson as misbehaving would cause disapproval from teacher
Stage 4- social order maintaining orientation, following orders to maintain a functioning society eg. The LAW

Post conventional: this is where societys views may not be enough and disobeying them can be seen as acceptable

stage 5- fighting for good e.g same sex marriage
Stage 6- opposing laws at the extreme e.g. ghandi

Cross cultured findings: Kohlberg found that regardless of the culture everyone still went through the same stages however progress in the US was much quicker than in tawain and Mexico

Question 6

how was kohlbergs study ethnocentric

Answer 6

Ethnocentrism: is when you believe that your culture is superior, in kohlbergs study it could’ve been seen that he was bias towards the US boys as he was American

Question 7

evaluate kohlbergs study

Answer 7

EVALUATION OF KOHLBERG:

1. Ethnocentrism (cross cultured findings)
2. Sample (opportunity and 75boys androcentric)
3. Self report methods adv and disad (semi structured interviews)
4. Hypothetical situations (low EV)