knowledge test 1 Flashcards
which tsar passed a series of ‘great reforms’ that caused unrest in the countryside?
alexander II
what was the emancipation of the serfs?
peasants would be free from being owned like property
what percentage of the population were peasants by the late 1890s?
80%
what is autocratic rule?
unlimited and unquestioned power held in the hands of an individual
what did the westernisers want for russia?
they wanted to modernise russia, using democratic europe as a model
what did the slavophiles want for russia?
they wanted the russian nature to promote its own culture and traditions, believing the western values were corrupt
what was the dominant form of christianity in russia?
russian orthodox christianity
what was the policy of russification?
forcing the russian language and russian culture on non-russian parts of the empire to merge all nationalities into one
where we’re russias most prominent national minority groups from?
poland, finland, the caucasus and central asia and the baltic provinces
what local village commune allocated land to peasants?
the mir
what is socialism?
a political doctrine that believes in public rather than private ownership of land and industry
what word is often used to describe russias growing, educated, liberal middle class?
the intelligentsia
what was the name of russia’s local elected councils?
zemstva
which socialist opposition group were founded in 1901 by Victor Chernov and others?
the socialist revolutionaries (SRs)
which two groups did liberal opposition split into after the october manifesto?
the octobrists and the kadets
