Knobology

Question 1

Multihertz is what (what in our machine)

Answer 1

Change frequency without changing probe
On our machine is gen pen res

Question 2

Harmonics (what/on when)

Answer 2

Sends out a frequency and receives double that frequency when echoes return
On most of the time

Question 3

Transmit power (what/improves)

Answer 3

Adjust intensity of US beam transmitters into the patient (increases echo without increasing noise)
Improves signal noise ratio (SNR) and enhance sensitivity

Question 4

Gain represented in ______

Answer 4

Decibels

Question 5

Will gain and TGC improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR)

Answer 5

No

Question 6

Always reset ____ before selecting preset

Answer 6

TGC

Question 7

Multiple foci (what/result)

Answer 7

More than one focus
Reduces frame rate significantly

Question 8

Dynamic range

Answer 8

Form of compression that reduces the number of shades of gray to increase contrast

Question 9

Decrease dynamic range = _______ contrast

Answer 9

Increase

Question 10

Sector width (what probes/what/improves)

Answer 10

With curved linear and echo probes
Reduce the field of view by firing less lines
Improved frame rate

Question 11

Persistence(aka, what)

Answer 11

Frame averaging
Helps with noise reduction by applying temporal averaging to individual pixels
Ex. Show 3 frames and average together

Question 12

Increasing the persistence will ______ the frame rate and is not used for ____ applications

Answer 12

Frame rate
Cardiac

Question 13

Write zoom (what/associated with)

Answer 13

Magnifies the image before it is written to the memory (zoom on phone take picture)
Improved resolution

Question 14

Read zoom (what, associated with)

Answer 14

Magnifies the image after image is committed to systems memory
Associated with Zoom resolution lost (take picture then zoom)

Question 15

Maps (what, when can it be done)

Answer 15

Redistributes the shades of gray displayed so that emphasis can be give to certain values
(Brighten low level or ignore echoes above a threshold)
Be done before or after image is frozen

Question 16

Video invert

Answer 16

Bone= black
Fluid= white

Question 17

pre-processing vs post-processing

Answer 17

anything that can be done before the image is committed to memory
vs
controls are applied to the image after its frozen

Question 18

compound imaging

Answer 18

combo of beam steering and frame averaging that can improve the SNR and help eliminate artifacts

Question 19

panoramic imaging

Answer 19

if area of interest is larger than transducer face

Question 20

Which of the following controls; TGC, write zoom and depth, are considered both pre-processing and post-processing controls?

Answer 20

TGC

Question 21

Is the angle correction for Doppler a pre-processing or post-processing control?

Answer 21

both

Question 22

Explain colour priority

Answer 22

Priority is used to optimize colour fill-in when performing colour Doppler in the presence of increased gray scale noise. An increase allows more colour information to be displayed over gray scale data.

Question 23

What control would improve the return of the Doppler signal when the insonating angle is close to 90?

Answer 23

The steer function of the machine, when used appropriately, will help decrease the insonating angle of the sound to improve the Doppler signal return.