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PS200 > Knee + thigh injuries > Flashcards

Knee + thigh injuries Flashcards

1
Q

ACL Onset/MOI

A
  • sudden - audible pop

Valgus + ER force when foot planted

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2
Q

ACL subjective

A
  • immediate, deep pain
  • ceasing of activity
  • ‘giving way’
  • irritable
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3
Q

ACL physical

A
  • acute haemoarthrosis
  • antalgic gait
  • <WB, F/E ROM
  • Knee held in slight F, X fully E
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4
Q

ACL specific tests

A
  • +ve Lachman’s
  • +ve anterior draw
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5
Q

ACL Mx

A
  • conservative if no sporting demands otherwise surgical reconstruction
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6
Q

MCL onset/MOI

A
  • sudden
  • strong valgus force in closed kinetic chain
    -> foot PG w/ 90 degree KF - direct blow to lateral knee
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7
Q

MCL subjective / agg + easing

A
  • localised pain
  • aggravated by walking, valgus stress, tib. ER + knee E
  • ease w/ rest + ice
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8
Q

MCL physical

A
  • TOP MJL
  • no swelling
  • knee E painful
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9
Q

MCL specific tests

A

Valgus stress test +ve (lax, painful)

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10
Q

PCL onset/MOI

A

sudden

direct blow to ant. tibia while knee flexed

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11
Q

PCL subjective

A

poorly localised pain

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12
Q

PCL physical

A

Minor swelling

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13
Q

PCL specific tests

A

+ve posterior draw

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14
Q

PCL Mx

A

10 weeks w/ reconstruction similar to ACL

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15
Q

Patellar tendinopathy onset/MOI

A

gradual overuse, common in jumping sports

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16
Q

Patellar tendinopathy subjective/agg/ease

A
  • superficial pain over patella
  • agg = jumping, hopping
  • ease = rest, ice
17
Q

Patellar tendinopathy physical

A
  • knee ROM normal
  • quads weakness in severe cases for RSC
  • Thickening of tendon
  • decline squats increases pain
  • taping helps less than PFPS
18
Q

Patellar tendinopathy Mx

A
  • local treatment eg. ice
  • address contributing fx eg. quads/hs tightness, lower leg biomechanics. PFJ and core stability
  • progressive eccentric exercises
19
Q

ITB friction syndrome onset/MOI

A
  • gradual
  • inflammation of ITB due to friction on lateral epicondyle during F + E
20
Q

ITB friction syndrome subjective/agg/ease

A
  • runner or cyclist
  • i/m pain/ache on lateral femoral condyle
  • agg = running or cycling
  • ease = avoiding aggravators
21
Q

ITB friction syndrome 24 hr pattern

A

possible AM stiffness

22
Q

ITB friction syndrome physical examination

A
  • AROM - pain on knee F/E (worse @20-30*)
  • PROM usually unremarkable otherwise same as AROM
  • TOP superior to joint line
  • MMT/MLT show imbalances
23
Q

ITB friction syndrome Mx

A
  • address local symptoms through rolling/stretching etc.
  • improve lower limb strength + mechanics to avoid recurrence
24
Q

Knee meniscal injuries onset/MOI

A

sudden
forceful twist or rotation of knee

25
Q

Knee meniscal injuries subjective/agg/ease

A
  • deep ache inside knee
  • sometimes mild swelling
  • presence of catching/locking/clicking !!!
  • agg = squatting, movements w/ shear force
  • ease = avoid aggravators
26
Q

Knee meniscal injuries 24hr pattern

A

possible AM stiffness

27
Q

Knee meniscal injuries physical

A
  • limited swelling
  • AROM limited to F/E -> click/clunk into flexion
  • TOP along joint line of affected side
28
Q

Knee meniscal injuries passive accessory movements

A

combined f/abd or F/add may elicit pain

29
Q

Knee meniscal injuries special tests

A

McMurray’s
Thessaly’s
Appley’s

30
Q

Knee meniscal injuries Mx

A

surgical - often w/ ACL (better healing)

31
Q

Patello-femoral pain onset/MOI

A

gradual

altered PFJ loading + chemical irritation of nerve endings leads to inflammation + synovitis
-> muscle strength deficits in glute med, hip ERs etc. or muscle tightness

32
Q

Patello-femoral pain subjective/agg/ease

A
  • anterior (+/- med/lat) knee pain
  • i/m deepish ache
  • crepitus
  • often bilateral
  • agg = squatting, stairs, sitting, running -> progressively worse w/ activity
  • ease = decrease PFJ loading
33
Q

Patello-femoral pain 24hr pattern

A

possible AM stiffness

34
Q

Patello-femoral pain physical

A
  • TOP med/lat to patella facets
  • MMT/MLT have imbalances b/t muscle groups
35
Q

Patello-femoral pain Mx

A
  • unload painful structures around PFJ / improve lower limb mechanics
  • hip + knee exercises
  • taping
  • foot orthotics

PS200 (6 decks)

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