Knee Tests Flashcards
procedure for Abduction (valgus) stress test
pt lies supine with legs straight; Dr stabilizes medial ankle and pushes knee lateral to medial
purpose of Abduction (valgus) stress test
looking for MCL strain or rupture
findings of Abduction (valgus) stress test
pain or increased motion
procedure for Adduction (varus) stress test
pt lies supine with legs straight; Dr stabilizes lateral ankle and pushes knee medial to lateral
purpose of Adduction (varus) stress test
looking for LCL strain or rupture
findings of Adduction (varus) stress test
pain or increased motion
procedure for Apley’s compression test
pt lies prone with knees flexed at 90 degrees; Dr grasps foot, pushes down, and medially and laterally rotates the foot
purpose of Apley’s compression test
looking for meniscus tears
findings of Apley’s compression test
pain with compression;
internal rotation = lateral meniscus
external rotation = medial meniscus
procedure for Patella ballottement test
pt lies supine with leg straight; Dr pushes down on patella and moves it lateral and medial looking for boggy sensation
purpose of Patella ballottement test
looking for effusion or swelling
findings of Patella ballottement test
patella is slow to return to resting position, increased patella movement, patella feels spongy
procedure for Bounce home test
pt lies supine, Dr lifts leg and bends knee to 20 degrees; then Dr allows knee to drop into full extension
purpose of Bounce home test
looking for meniscal tear
findings of Bounce home test
pain in joint or inability to fully extend the knee
procedure for Clarke’s sign
pt lies supine and Dr applies S-I pressure on the top of the patella; pt then contracts the quads
purpose of Clarke’s sign
looking for chondromalacia patella or degeneration of the patellofemoral joint
findings of Clarke’s sign
retropatellar pain
procedure for McMurray sign
pt lies supine with hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees; Dr stabilizes knee and grips heel with the other hand. Dr then rotates the tibia externally while applying a varus stress while extending the leg. Repeat this with tibia rotated internally and Dr applying valgus stress while extending the leg
purpose of McMurray sign
looking for lateral meniscus tear when internally rotating and valgus stress
looking for medial meniscus tear when externally rotating and varus stress
findings of McMurray sign
pain, crepitus, or clicking
procedure for Lateral pivot shift maneuver
pt lies supine with hip and knee flexed to 5 degrees; Dr applies internal rotation, valgus stress and flexes knee
purpose of Lateral pivot shift maneuver
looking for ACL tear
findings of Lateral pivot shift maneuver
pt feels like knee is going to give out
procedure for Lachman test
pt lies supine with knee flexed to 25-30 degrees, then Dr holds femur down as they lift the tibia
purpose of Lachman test
looking for sprain or rupture of ACL
(pain with normal motion means sprain;
pain with increased translation means rupture)
findings of Lachman test
pain in knee
procedure for Drawer test
pt lies supine with knee flexed to 90 degrees; Dr sits on pt foot then pushes tibia anteriorly then posteriorly
purpose of Drawer test
looking for sprain or rupture of ACL or PCL
(pain with normal motion means sprain;
pain with increased motion means rupture)
findings of Drawer test
pain in knee
procedure for Q-angle test
pt stands and Dr draws a line from ASIS through mid patella, then line from tibial tuberosity through mid patella. Then measure angle
purpose of Q-angle test
looking for Q angle
findings of Q-angle test
less than 13 degrees means patella alta
more than 18 degrees means patella valgun
