Hip Tests Flashcards
procedure for actual leg length
pt lies supine, Dr measures from ASIS to medial malleolus
purpose of actual leg length
looking for bone deficiency
findings of actual leg length
there’s a difference of more than 6 mm
procedure for apparent leg length
pt lies supine, Dr measures from umbilicus to medial malleolus
purpose of apparent leg length
looking for spinal or pelvic subluxation
findings of apparent leg length
there’s a difference of more than 6 mm
procedure for Allis’ sign (Galeazzi’s sign)
pt lies supine with knees and hips flexed and feet flat on table; Dr stands at foot of table and observes knees for height difference; then Dr stands at side of table and observes if one knee is more anterior than the other
purpose of Allis’ sign (Galeazzi’s sign)
comparing one knee to the other
findings of Allis’ sign (Galeazzi’s sign)
looking for ipsilateral femoral leg discrepancy
procedure for Anvil test
pt lies supine, Dr stands at foot of table, elevates a straight leg and hits bottom of heel with clenched fist
purpose of Anvil test
if there’s heel pain: could be calcaneous, tibia, fibula fracture
if there’s hip pain: could be arthritis, infection, femoral neck fracture
findings of Anvil test
pain from heel to acetabulum
procedure for Gauvain’s sign
pt lies with affected side up, Dr places one hand on abdominal muscles and other hand above ankle, then abducts the leg and internally and externally rotates the thigh
purpose of Gauvain’s sign
looking for AVN, infection, fracture, or gout
findings of Gauvain’s sign
contraction of ipsilateral abdominal muscles, hip pain, referred pain to groin or anterior thigh
procedure for hip telescoping test
pt lies supine and Dr passively flexes hip and knee to 90 degrees on affected side; Dr places one hand on calf and thigh and other hand by hip; then push and distract femur
purpose of hip telescoping test
looking for hip dislocation or dysplasia
findings of hip telescoping test
excess joint play
procedure for Patrick’s test (Patrick-Fabere)
pt lies supine, Dr stands on unaffected side and pt crosses leg into figure 4 position; Dr stabilizes opposite ASIS and applies pressure on knee of affected side
purpose of Patrick’s test (Patrick-Fabere)
looking for hip pathology
findings of Patrick’s test (Patrick-Fabere)
pain in hip or unable to perform
procedure for Ober’s test
pt lies affected side up, Dr stands behind pt and stabilizes pelvis. Dr uses other hand to abduct and extend thigh and hip. then Dr slides hand from knee to ankle and allow knee to adduct
findings of Ober’s test
affected thigh remains adducted and may be painful
procedure for Thomas test
pt lies supine and actively pulls unaffected knee to chest and keeps other leg straight
purpose of Thomas test
looking for contraction of iliopsoas on affected side
findings of Thomas test
lumbar spin maintains lordosis or pt is unable to keep affected thigh flat
procedure for Trendelenburg’s test
pt stands on affected foot and raises unaffected foot off ground; Dr stands behind pt and observes for pelvic unleveling
purpose of Trendelenburg’s test
looking for paralysis or weakness of hip abductors on affected side
findings of Trendelenburg’s test
high iliac crest on supported leg and low iliac crest on lifted leg
procedure for Ortolani’s test
infant lies supine; Dr grasps both thighs at level of lesser trochanter then flexes and abducts thighs bilaterally
purpose of Ortolani’s test
looking for femoral dislocation or instability
findings of Ortolani’s test
palpable click
