Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMS172 > Knee Region (3) > Flashcards

Knee Region (3) Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the popliteal fossa.

A

Dimond shapes fossa, posterior to knee.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa?

A

Semimembranosis, biceps femoris (long head), gastrocnemius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the contents of the Popliteal fossa?

A

(Superficial to Deep)
- small saphenous vein

  • sciatic nerve > tibial nerve + common fibulae nerve (to lateral and medial sural cutaneous nerve)
  • popliteal lymph nodes
  • popliteal artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How could you classify the Knee joint?

A
  • compound synovial
  • hinge
  • modified hinge
  • double condyloid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the functions of the knee joint?

A

Provide stability and mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name a fact regarding the congruency of the knee joint?

A

The knee joint surface is incongruent (does not fit well together)

Therefore, it relies on ligaments, tendons and muscles the support it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the knee joint allow?

A
  • flexion and extension (140-160 degrees)

- medial and lateral rotation (10 and 30 degrees respectively)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What bone is not apart of the knee joint?

A

Fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What degree of medial rotation does the knee have to be in, in order to “lock”?

A

5 degrees of medial rotation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of joint is the knee?

A

Hinge, synovial

  • fiborous capsule.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Patella Ligament Attachment

A

Attach:

Apex of Patella > tibial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Patella Ligament Functions

A

Acts as anterior capsule with patella.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Patella Retinacula Attachment

A

Vastus Medialis > Vastus Lateralis

(Apporneurotic Fibers)

  • deeper fibers connect with menisci
  • lateral fibres connect to ITB (superficial)
  • medical fibres connect to tibia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

List 3 Common Knee Diseases

A
  1. Osgood-Schlatter Disease
  2. Transverse Patella Fracture
  3. Bipartite Patella (or tripartite)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tibial Collateral Ligament:

Attach

A

Attach: medial epicondyle of femur > superior medial surface of tibia
Deep Fibers: attach to medial meniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tibial Collateral Ligament:

Action

A

Action: resists valgus stress (in flexion) + resists lateral rotation of tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fibular Collateral Ligament:

Attach

A

Attach: lateral epicondyle of femur > head of fibula (tendon of popliteus passes between FCL and meniscus

18
Q

Fibular Collateral Ligament:

Action

A

Action: resists varus stress and medial tibial rotation

19
Q

Oblique Popliteal Ligament:

Attach

A

Attach: posterior medial tibial condyle > middle posterior joint capsule (expansion of semimembranosus tendon)

20
Q

Oblique Popliteal Ligament:

Action

A

Action: resists hyperextension of the knee and valgus and varus stress in extension.

21
Q

Arcuate Popliteal Ligament:

Attach

A

Attach: posterior head of fibula > runs over tendon of popliteus > posterior joint capsule

22
Q

Arcuate Popliteal Ligament:

Action

A

Action: resists hyperextension of the knee and valgus and varus stress in extension.

23
Q

Cruciate LIgaments:

Attachment Pattern

A

Attach: both arranged in X shaped pattern

24
Q

Cruciate LIgaments:

Facts

A

Facts: intracapsular but extrasynovial. In any one cruciate ligament will be taut and may resist motion

25
Q

Cruciate LIgaments:

Function

A

Function: stabilize the knee joint.

26
Q

ACL Attach

A

Attach: anterior intercondylar area > medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle.

27
Q

ACL Bands + functions

A 
Contains 2 Bands: 
Anteromedial (AMB) 
Tight in flexion, lax in extension 
Injured in flexion and trauma 
Posterolateral Band (PLB) 
Tight in extension, lax in flexion
Injured in hyperextension.
28
Q

ACL Facts

A

Facts: tibia is most mobile of femur at 30 degrees flexion when neither band is tight.

29
Q

ACL Function

A

Function:
Resists anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur (resists medial and lateral rotation at the knee, resists valgus and varus stress at the knee)
Prevents posterior rolling of femur on the tibia.
Contraction of the quadriceps tenses the ACL

30
Q

PCL Attach

A

Attach: posterior intercondylar area of tibia > lateral surface of medial femoral condyle (shorter and less oblique than ACL)

31
Q

PCL Bands

A

Anterior medial Band: Lax in extension, tight in 80-90 degrees flexion
Posterolateral Band: lax in flexion, tight in extension.

32
Q

PCL Functions

A

Function: resists posterior displacement of the tibia on femur (resists rotation at the knee, resists varus and valgus stress at the knee)
Tension in PCL may assist locking of knee.

33
Q

Menisci Description

A

Crescent shaped wedges of fibrocartilage. Thick outer area, thin inner area.

34
Q

Menisci Function

A

Function: increase joint congruence, reduce friction, transmit forces, act as shock absorbers.

35
Q

Menisci Attachments

A

Attachments:
Anteriolrly: transverse ligament of knee.
Both joined to tibia: via coronary ligaments and anterior and posterior horns.

36
Q

Menisci Facts

A

Facts: menisci are mostly avascular but well innervated.

37
Q

Lateral Meniscus Attach

A

Attach: posterior cruciate ligament, popliteus and medial femoral condyle.

38
Q

Lateral Meniscus: Facts

A

Facts: more mobile than medial meniscus, moves with femur

39
Q

Medial Meniscus: Attach

A

Attach: joined to medial collateral ligament and semimembranosus

40
Q

Medial Meniscus: Facts

A

Facts: less mobile than lateral meniscus, more frequently injured.

41
Q

Bursae: (attachments)

A

Suprapatellar: quadriceps tendon and femur
Popliteal: popliteal tendon and lateral tibial condyle
Gastrocnemius: deeo to proximal attachment of medial head of gastrocnemius.
FACT: bursae are continuous with joint capsule of knee.
Subcutaneous prepatellar: anterior surface of patella and skin.
Subcutaneous infrapatellar: tibial tuberosity and skin
Deep infrapatellar: Patellar ligament and anterior surface of tibia
Collateral Ligament Bursae: FCL + biceps femoris, popliteus, tbial condyle and semimembranosus, pes anserinus

BMS172 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions