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Mcq Knee > Knee Ligament > Flashcards

Knee Ligament Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles provide stability to the knee joint?

A

The large quadriceps group and the large hamstring muscles

These muscle groups are essential for knee function and stability.

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2
Q

How many ligaments play a major role in knee stabilization?

A

Four ligaments

These ligaments are crucial for maintaining knee stability during movement.

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3
Q

Where does the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) connect?

A

Joins the anterior aspect on the medial tibia to the medial side of the lateral condyle of the femur

The ACL is vital for preventing excessive forward movement of the tibia.

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4
Q

Where does the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) connect?

A

Joins the posterior medial tibia to the lateral side of the medial condyle of the femur

The PCL is important for preventing backward movement of the tibia.

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5
Q

What does the term ‘cruciate’ mean in relation to the knee ligaments?

A

‘Cross’

This term describes how the ACL and PCL cross over each other.

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: The large _______ group and the large hamstring muscles provide stability to the knee joint.

A

[quadriceps]

The quadriceps are crucial for knee extension and stabilization.

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7
Q

True or False: The ACL and PCL run parallel to each other.

A

False

The ACL and PCL cross over each other in the knee.

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8
Q

What are the two ligaments that run vertically along the sides of the knee joint?

A

Lateral collateral ligament and medial collateral ligament

The lateral collateral ligament is also known as the fibular collateral ligament, and the medial collateral ligament is known as the tibial collateral ligament.

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9
Q

Where does the lateral collateral ligament attach?

A

From the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula

This ligament provides stability to the outer side of the knee.

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10
Q

Where does the medial collateral ligament attach?

A

From the medial epicondyle of the femur to the lateral aspect of the proximal tibia

This ligament provides stability to the inner side of the knee.

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11
Q

Which collateral ligament is more susceptible to injury?

A

Medial collateral ligament

The medial collateral ligament is more vulnerable when a force is applied to the lateral side of the knee.

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12
Q

What ligament completes the knee ligaments?

A

Patellar ligament

The patellar ligament runs from the patella to the tibial tuberosity.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The patellar ligament runs from the _______ to the tibial tuberosity.

A

Patella

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14
Q

What is the origin of the medial collateral ligament?

A

Medial epicondyle of the femur

The ligament extends downwards and slightly forwards.

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15
Q

What is the attachment point of the medial collateral ligament?

A

Medial condyle of the tibia and the medial side of the shaft

The ligament connects these two structures.

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16
Q

How long is the medial collateral ligament?

A

8-9 cm long

This length can vary slightly among individuals.

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17
Q

What anatomical structure can a few fibers of the medial collateral ligament be traced to?

A

Adductor magnus

This connection occurs at the femoral attachment.

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18
Q

Describe the course of the superficial fibers of the medial collateral ligament.

A

Descend below the level of the tibial tuberosity

These fibers are more exposed than deeper fibers.

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19
Q

What is the orientation of the deeper fibers of the medial collateral ligament?

A

Have a shorter course from femur to tibia

They spread triangularly to attach to the medial meniscus.

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20
Q

Where does the medial collateral ligament blend anteriorly?

A

With the medial patellar retinaculum

This blending makes the ligament well-defined in that area.

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21
Q

Where is the lateral (fibular) collateral ligament attached?

A

Attached to the lateral epicondyle of the femur above and behind the groove for popliteus

22
Q

To which surface does the lateral (fibular) collateral ligament attach?

A

Attaches to the lateral surface of the head of the fibula in front of the apex

23
Q

What structure does the lateral (fibular) collateral ligament split as it passes down?

A

Splits the tendon of biceps femoris

24
Q

What is the approximate length of the lateral (fibular) collateral ligament?

A

About 5 cm long

25
Q

True or False: The lateral (fibular) collateral ligament is a rounded cord.

A

True

26
Q

What is the function of the oblique popliteal ligament?

A

Strengthens the central region of the posterior part of the capsule

It is an expansion of the semimembranosus tendon.

27
Q

Where does the oblique popliteal ligament attach?

A

Intercondylar line of the femur

It passes upwards and laterally.

28
Q

What anatomical structures perforate the oblique popliteal ligament?

A

Vessels and nerves

The ligament has large foramina for these structures.

29
Q

What shape is the arcuate popliteal ligament?

A

Y-shaped

It is an extracapsular ligament of the knee.

30
Q

Where is the arcuate popliteal ligament attached?

A

Head of the fibula

It has two insertions from this attachment.

31
Q

What does the arcuate popliteal ligament strengthen?

A

Lower lateral part of the capsule

It arches upwards and medially over the popliteus tendon.

32
Q

Which area does the most medial part of the arcuate ligament arch down onto?

A

Posterior part of the intercondylar area of the tibia

This is part of its insertion pattern.

33
Q

What do the most lateral fibres of the arcuate popliteal ligament run to?

A

Back of the lateral femoral condyle and gastrocnemius

They appear as a separate band.

34
Q

What is the ligamentum patellae?

A

The continuation of the tendon of quadriceps femoris

It connects the quadriceps muscle to the tibia.

35
Q

What is the structure of the ligamentum patellae?

A

A strong, flat band attaching around the apex of the patella, continuous with fibres of the quadriceps tendon

It plays a crucial role in knee stabilization.

36
Q

Where does the ligamentum patellae extend to?

A

To the tibial tuberosity

This attachment is important for knee extension.

37
Q

What is located between the ligamentum patellae and the bone above its insertion?

A

The deep infrapatellar bursa

This bursa helps reduce friction during movement.

38
Q

What is found in the subcutaneous tissue over the ligamentum patellae?

A

The large subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa

This bursa provides cushioning and protection.

39
Q

What is the location of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) attachment on the tibia?

A

Attached to the tibia immediately anterolateral to the anterior tibial spine

40
Q

What does the ACL blend with during its passage?

A

Blending with the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus

41
Q

Where does the ACL attach on the femur?

A

Attaches to the posterior part of the medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle

42
Q

How strong is the femoral attachment of the ACL compared to the tibial attachment?

A

The femoral attachment is not as strong as the tibial attachment

43
Q

What shape does the femoral attachment of the ACL take?

A

Takes the form of a segment of a circle

44
Q

What is the angle of the medial spiral the ACL undergoes during its passage from tibia to femur?

A

A medial spiral of some 110°

45
Q

Into how many parts can the ACL be anatomically divided?

A

Two parts

46
Q

What is the name of the band of the ACL that attaches to the anteromedial region of the tibial attachment?

A

Anteromedial band

47
Q

Where does the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) attach?

A

To a depression in the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia

The PCL is a key ligament in the knee joint providing stability.

48
Q

Describe the course of the PCL.

A

Runs anteriorly, medially, and proximally, passing medially to the ACL

The PCL attaches to the anterior part of the lateral surface of the medial femoral condyle.

49
Q

How does the strength and orientation of the PCL compare to the ACL?

A

The PCL is shorter, less oblique, and almost twice as strong in tension than the ACL

This structural difference contributes to the PCL’s role in stabilizing the knee.

50
Q

What is the significance of the PCL’s alignment with the knee joint?

A

It is closely aligned to the centre of rotation of the knee joint, making it a principal stabilizer

This alignment plays a critical role in knee function during movement.

51
Q

Into how many parts can the PCL be divided?

A

Two parts: anterolateral band and posteromedial band

This division allows for different mechanical functions during knee movements.

52
Q

Fill in the blank: The more superficial _______ fires of the PCL.

A

posteromedial

This refers to the specific band of the PCL that is closer to the surface.

Mcq Knee (4 decks)

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