Knee injuries Flashcards
Meniscal tears most commonly occur during what kind of movement?
Twisting the knee
Describe the typical clinical features of a meniscal tear
Knee:
- Pain
- Swelling
- Reduced ROM
Which special tests can be used on examination of the knee to detect a meniscal tear?
- McMurray’s test
- Apley grind test
What is the usual first-line imaging investigation for establishing a diagnosis of meniscal tear?
What is the gold standard investigation?
- First line: MRI
- Gold standard: arthroscopy
Describe the conservative, medical and surgical management of a meniscal tear
Conservative:
- RICE
- Physiotherapy
Medical:
- Analgesia (NSAIDs)
Surgical:
- Arthroscopic surgery
Which ligament in the knee is most commonly injured?
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
ACL injury typically occurs during what kind of movement?
Twisting the knee
Describe the typical clinical features of ACL injury
Knee:
- Pain
- Swelling
- Reduced ROM
Which special tests can be used on examination of the knee to detect ACL injury?
- Anterior drawer test
- Lachman test
What is the usual first-line imaging investigation for establishing a diagnosis of ACL injury?
What is the gold standard investigation?
- First line: MRI
- Gold standard: arthroscopy
Describe the conservative, medical and surgical management of ACL injury
Conservative:
- RICE
- Physiotherapy
Medical:
- Analgesia (NSAIDs)
Surgical:
- Arthroscopic surgery
Describe the pathophysiology of Osgood-Schlatter disease
Inflammation at the tibial tuberosity where the patellar tendon inserts
In which age group is Osgood-Schlatter disease most common?
Teenagers
What sign will you typically find on inspection of the anterior knee in Osgood-Schlatter disease?
Visible lump on the anterior aspect of the knee (which is initially tender, but becomes non-tender over time as the bone heals)
Typically, knee pain is exacerbated by (…?) in Osgood-Schlatter disease
Physical activity