Knee/Hip Joint Actions

Question 1

Knee Extensors

Answer 1

RECTUS FEMORIS (anterior inferior iliac spine and superio margin of acetabelum to tibial tuberosity) - also hip flexion
VASTUS LATERALIS (greater tronchator & linea aspera of femur to tibial tubersity)
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS (shaft of femur to tibial tuberosity)
VASTUS MEDIALIS (proximal shaft of femur to tibial tuberosity)

Question 2

Knee Flexion

Answer 2

POPLITEUS (lateral condyle of femur to proximal posteromedial shaft of tibia)
PLANTARIS (distal posterior shaft of femur to calcaneus) - also ankle plantar flexion
BICEPS FEMORIS (HAMSTRING) (ischial tuberosity to lateral condyle of tibia & head of fibula) - also hip extension, hip hyperextension
SEMITENDINOSUS (HAMSTRING) (also hip extension)
SEMIMEBRANOSUS (HAMSTRING) (also hip extension_
GRACILIS (O: pubic symphysis
I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)
GASTROCNEMIUS (O: posterior femur
I: calcaneus)
SARTORIUS (O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)

Question 3

Hip Flexion

Answer 3

PSOAS MAJOR (O: anterior surfaces of T12-L5 I: lesser trochanter of femur)
ILIACUS (O: anterior surface of iliac crest I: lesser trochanter of femur)
PECTINEUS  (O: superior ramus of pubis I: shaft of femur below lesser trochanter)
RECTUS FEMORIS (O: anterior inferior iliac spine & superior margin of acetabulum I: patella, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament)
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE (O: anterior superior iliac spine (inferior border) I: iliotibial tract)

Question 4

Hip Extension

Answer 4

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS (O: posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx I: IT band and gluteal tuberosity)
BICEPS FEMORIS (hamstring) (O: ischial tuberosity I: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula)
SEMITENDINOSUS (O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS (hamstring)
(O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal posteromedial shaft of tibia)
GRACILIS
(O: pubic symphysis I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)

Question 5

Hip Adduction

Answer 5

PECTINEUS
(O: superior ramus of pubis I: shaft of femur below lesser trochanter)
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS (adduction (lower 2/3))
(O: posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx I: IT band and gluteal tuberosity)
GRACILIS (also knee flexion)
(O: pubic symphysis I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)
ADDUCTORS LONGUS, BREVIS, AND MAGNUS
(O: superior and inferior ramus of pubis I: linea aspera of femur)

Question 6

Hip Abduction

Answer 6

GLUTEUS MINIMUS
(O: lateral surface of ilium I: anterior border of greater trochanter)
GLUTEUS MEDIUS
(O: lateral surface of ilium I: lateral greater trochanter of femur)
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE
(O: anterior superior iliac spine (inferior border) I: iliotibial tract)
SARTORIUS (think from a flex knee position) - (also flexes knee)
(O: anterior superior iliac spine I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)

Question 7

Hip Lateral Rotation

Answer 7

PSOAS MAJOR
(O: anterior surfaces of T12-L5 I: lesser trochanter of femur)
ILIACUS
(O: anterior surface of iliac crest I: lesser trochanter of femur)
SARTORIUS (also knee flexion)
(O: anterior superior iliac spine I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
(O: posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx I: IT band and gluteal tuberosity)

Question 8

Hip Medial Rotation

Answer 8

TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE

O: anterior superior iliac spine (inferior border) I: iliotibial tract

Question 9

Hip Hyperextension

Answer 9

SEMIMEMBRANOSUS (hamstring) - (also knee flexion)
(O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal posteromedial shaft of tibia)
SEMITENDINOSUS (hamstring) - (also knee flexion)
(O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia)
BICEPS FEMORIS (hamstring) - (also knee flexion)
(O: ischial tuberosity I: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula)
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
(O: posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx I: IT band and gluteal tuberosity)

Question 10

Hip Muscles That Also Flex/Extend Knee

Answer 10

SARTORIUS
- knee flexion
(O: anterior superior iliac spine I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia A: hip flexion, hip lateral rotation, hip abduction, knee flexion)
RECTUS FEMORIS
- knee extension
(O: anterior inferior iliac spine & superior margin of acetabulum I: patella, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament A: hip flexion, knee extension)
BICEPS FEMORIS (hamstring) - knee flexion
(O: ischial tuberosity I: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibul
a A: hip extension, hip hyperextension, knee flexion)
SEMTINDINOSUS (hamstring)
- knee flexion
(O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia A: hip extension, hip hyperextension, knee flexion)
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS (hamstring)
- knee flexion
(O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal posteromedial shaft of tibia A: hip extension, hip hyperextension, knee flexion)
GRACILIS
- knee flexion
(O: pubic symphysis I: proximal anteromedial shaft of tibia A: adduction, flexion, knee flexion)

Question 11

Hip Posterior Pelvic Tilt

Answer 11

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

O: posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx I: IT band and gluteal tuberosity

Question 12

Hip Anterior Pelvic Tilt

Answer 12

PSOAS MAJOR 
(O: anterior surfaces of T12-L5 I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: hip flexion, hip lateral rotation, pelvic posterior tilt (at LS joint), pelvic anterior tilt at hip, trunk flexion)

Question 13

Lumbrosacral Joint Action of Hip Muscle

Answer 13

PSOAS MAJOR 
(O: anterior surfaces of T12-L5 I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: hip flexion, hip lateral rotation, pelvic posterior tilt (at LS joint), pelvic anterior tilt at hip, trunk flexion)