Knee Conditions Flashcards
What are all the Ligament Sprains that can happen in the knee
ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL
What is rotational instability caused by?
ACL or PCL being damaged sometimes with LCL and MCL
What is 1st degree grade tear?
little or no instability
What is 2nd degree grade tear?
minimal to moderate instability
What is 3rd degree grade tear?
extreme instability
What is the terrible triad?
Damage to ACL, MCL and medial meniscus
How does the terrible triad occur?
algum, flexion, and ER with foot planted
What diagnostic test do you use for ligament injuries?
MRI
What are common findings with ligamentous injuries?
positive ligamentous laxity test for knee
What does research show about incomplete ACL tears and rehab?
They heal just as well with rehab as they do with surgery
What causes meniscal injuries?
A combination of forces causing abnormal stress on meniscus
what are common symptoms of meniscal injuries?
joint pain, effusion, giving away, mobility limitations or locking
What diagnostic test do you use for meniscal injuries?
MRI
What are common findings for meniscal injuries?
positive tests for meniscal injury
What is Patellar baja and what motion does it restrict?
low riding patella, restricts extension
What is Patellar alta and what may it result in?
high riding patella, may result in chronic subluxation
What does lateral tracking may have a tendency to do?
dislocate
How can you detect positions of patella?
With x-ray at sunset view
How is the location of the patella often found?
clinical exam
What is PFPS caused by?
abnormal patellar tracking
What are ways that PFPS develop?
on it’s own or by secondary development
Why would you use an MRI with PFPS?
to rule out other disorders
How is PFPS diagnosis made?
with clinical examination
what is patellar tendonitis/tendonopathy?
Degeneration of the tendon
How does patellar tendonitis/tendonopathy occur?
may be related to jumping, overload, or repetitive overuse exercises
What occurs with patellar tendonitis/tendonopathy?
PFPS
What are the three muscles and structure at the pes anserine?
gracilis, sartorius, semitendinosis and a bursa
how does Pes Anserine bursitis occur?
trauma or overuse
what do you need to differentiate with Pes Anserine bursitis?
between tendonitis and contractile tissues
What is Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
mechanical dysfunction resulting in traction apophysitis of tibial tubercle at insertion of patellar tendon
Who is Osgood-Schlatter Disease most common in?
Adolescent males
What is genu varum?
excessive medial tibial torsion, excessive medial patellar positioning, Bow legged
what is gene valgum?
excessive lateral tibial torsion, excessive lateral patellar positioning, knock kneed
