Knee Flashcards
1
Q
Routine Views (4)
A
- AP View of the Knee
- Lateral View of the Knee
- PA “Tunnel” View of the Knee
- Tangential “Sunrise” View of the Patella
2
Q
AP View of the Knee
A
Notice:
- Patellar apex at level of jt line
- jt space heights (should be equal)
- tibiofemoral alignment
- view parallel to tibial plateau
3
Q
Lateral View of the Knee (ML)
A
- medial femoral condyle magnified (farther from plate)
- Patellar tendon length = Patellar length +/-20%
- Patellar alta/baja
4
Q
PA “Tunnel” View – best for (4)
A
- Intracondylar notch should be “U” shaped
- Loose bodies in jt
- Joint space narrowing
- Tibial plateau
5
Q
Tangential “sunrise” view of Patella – best for (2)
A
- -PF joint space (cartilage thickness)
- Patellar alignment – sulcus angle, congruence angle, patellar tilt
6
Q
Sulcus angle
A
- lines between deepest point of groove (a) and highest point of each femoral condyle
- normal = 138 +/- 6
- slide 12
7
Q
Congruence angle
A
- Bisect sulcus angle (line ab)
- Line between apex of sulcus and most posterior point on patella (line ac)
- Medial is negative
- Normal = -6, Lateral sublux = +16
- slide 12
8
Q
Patellar Tilt
A
- angle between a line connecting medial and lateral edges of patella and the horizontal
- Normal = <5
- abnormal = patellar malalignment
9
Q
Tibial Plateu Fx
A
- hard to see fx, but can see abnormal fat and blood in capsule
- MRI best for dx, can also use CT
10
Q
dark –> light
A
air –> fat –> water –> bone –> metal
11
Q
Types of Meniscal Tear
A
- Bucket handle (displaced or nondisplaced)
- Horizontal
- Vertical
12
Q
Normal ACL – MRI
A
- Best seen on T1
- Normal lat–>med course makes visualization of entire length difficult
- should be “ruler straight” possibly very slightly convex inferiorly
- Segond fx?
- Reference measurements: Blumensaat line angle, anterior tibial line
13
Q
Segond Fracture
A
- fx of lateral tibial plateau
- often associated with internal derangements of knee (ACL most common)
- Pain on lateral knee, valgus test (-)
14
Q
ACL Blumensaat Line Angle
A
- angle between line drawn parallel to posterior surface of femur and a line along the margin of the ACL
- Angle is negative when apex pointed superiorly, positive when inferior
- Normal = -13
15
Q
Anterior Tibial Line
A
- Sagittal view halfway through lateral femoral condyle
- Draw vertical line from posterior margin of tibia
- Should not go through posterior horn of lateral meniscus (=ACL tear)
