Knee Flashcards
Most frequently occurs as the result of a sudden directional change while running, but may also be due to trauma.
Patellar Dislocation
Increased “Q-Angle” for any reason is a predisposing factor
Patellar Dislocation
Due to the more anterior projection and deeper slope of the lateral femoral condyle the patella almost always dislocates _____
laterally
Lateral dislocation is counterbalanced by the ______. Therefore, if this muscle is weak the patella may shift laterally and dislocate.
vastus medialis muscle
Patella may relocate upon
full knee extension
A positive ______ test and a positive _______ sign are indicative of dislocations.
apprehension
Fouchet’s
A positive patellar ______ test and a positive ______ sign also indicate dislocation.
ballottement
Perkin’s
______ need to be taken to rule out an osteochondral fracture which occur approximately 50% of the time in a patellar dislocation
Plain films
x-ray: Best seen on a _____ view
tangential
MRI: Used to view ______
ligamentous integrity
tx: Allow ____ weeks of immobilization with the knee in extension along with lateral compression
3-6
tx by surgery: ______ surgery may be done to release excess pressure from the lateral ligaments and may allow the patella to resume its normal position
Lateral release
Painful, abnormal tracking of patella with patellar surface of femur
Repetitive microtrauma
Weak quads, tight ITB and hamstrings
PF SYNDROME
This condition often occurs in patients who lack a supportive medial arch
Foot pronation causes a compensatory internal rotation of the tibia or femur (femoral anteversion) that upsets the patellofemoral mechanism
Pes Planus (Pronation)
Condition w/ a high-arched foot provides less cushioning for the leg when it strikes the ground.
This places more stress on the patellofemoral mechanism, particularly when a person is running.
Pes Cavus (High-Arched, Supination)
