knee

Question 1

what is the difference between the medial and lateral condyle?

Answer 1

Medial: deviates from femoral midline and is longer and more narrowerer

Question 2

what type of joint is the knee joint

Answer 2

ginglymus/hinge joint–can function all 6 degreess

Question 3

what position is the knee most stable? what increases stability?

Answer 3

most stable in extension—most susceptible to injuries in flexed position

cruciate ligaments

Question 4

what allows for internal/external rotation and abduction/adduction of the knee?

Answer 4

soft tissue structures

Question 5

roll and glide mechanism

Answer 5

femur will glide posteriorly on the tibial plateau without impinging on the posterior tibial plateau

Question 6

what is the screw home mechanism for OKC and CKC

Answer 6

locking function of the knee to increase stability

external rotation of the tibia on the femur during last 15-20 deg of extension during OKC, or internal rotation of femur in relation to tibia during closed kinetic chain

knee externally rotates because medial femoral condyle is longer

CKC: femur rotates internally–opposite of OKC; proxima part is moving on distal part

Question 7

what muscle externally rotates the tibia on femur? in what gait phase(s) does this occur in?

Answer 7

tensor fascia lata

midstance–>propulsive phase

Question 8

when are the quads active in swing phase

Answer 8

last 20 degrees of knee flexion to propel knee forward

Question 9

at heel contact, what are the purpose of each muscle firing in the knee

Answer 9

quads: keep knee from buckling
hamstrings: prevent overextension of knee via quads