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Ortho Special Tests > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Drawer

A
  • test the integrity of the ACL
  • positive with excessive anterior translation of the tibia
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2
Q

pt and PT position in the anterior drawer

A

pt: in supine with hip flexed to 45 and knee flexed to 90
PT: hands on posterior tibia and stabilizing the foot translating tibia anteriorly

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3
Q

Lachmans test

A
  • gold standard test for the integrity of the ACL
  • positive with excessive tibia translation compared to the other side
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4
Q

pt and PT position in Lachmans test

A

pt: supine with knee flexed to about 20-30 degrees
PT: hands on the posterior tibia and stabilizing the foot provide an anterior translation of the tibia

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5
Q

Lellis test

A
  • used to test a grade 3 ACL tear
  • positive with lack of anterior motion of the tibia
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6
Q

Lellis test pt and PT position

A

pt: supine with towel under the lower leg
PT: provide a posterior force onto the femur

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7
Q

Posterior Drawer

A
  • test the integrity of the PCL
  • Positive with excessive posterior translation
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8
Q

posterior drawer pt and PT position

A

pt: supine with hip flexed to 45 and knee flexed to 90
PT: stabilize the foot, hands on anterior tibia giving a posterior glide

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9
Q

posterior sag sign

A
  • test the integrity of the PCL
  • positive with a sag or loss of “step”
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10
Q

posterior sag pt and PT position

A

pt: supine hip flexed to 45 degrees and knee flexed to 90
PT: stabilize at the ankle and at the distal femur

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11
Q

Valgus stress test at 0

A
  • indicates a grade 2/3 MCL tear
  • positive with laxity or reproduction of pain
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12
Q

pt and PT position with valgus stress test at 0

A

pt: supine IR of tibia
PT: one hand on ankle controlling tibial ER and giving valgus force (abduction) the other hand supporting lateral femur

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13
Q

Valgus stress test in 20-30 degrees of flexion

A
  • tests the integrity of the MCL grade 1/2
  • positive with increase laxity or reproduction of pain
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14
Q

pt and PT position with the valgus stress test at 20-30 degrees

A

pt: in supine knee bent to 20-30 degrees tibia in ER
PT: one hand at ankle providing tibia ER and abduction of the leg. the other hand supporting the distal femur

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15
Q

varus stress test at 0 degrees

A
  • used to test the integrity of the LCL grades 2/3
  • positive with increased laxity or reproduction of pain
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16
Q

pt and PT position for a varus stress test at 0 degrees

A

pt is in supine.
PT: one hand at ankle providing IR and adduction of the tibia. the other hand supporting the distal femur.

17
Q

pivot shift test

A
  • used to test the ACL, anterolateral instability, rotational instability
  • positive if tibia relocates backward 30-40 accompanied by a “clunk” or “giving way”
18
Q

pt and PT position in the pivot test

A

pt: supine, knee in extension, hip flexed/abducted to 30 degrees with internal rotation
PT: hold lateral calcaneous to introduce IR and second hand at fibia head to give a valgus force. move the knee into flexion from extension

19
Q

mcmurrays test with IR

A
  • used to test the lateral meniscus
  • positive with a reproduction of a click and/or pain at the joint line
20
Q

pt and PT position in the mcmurrys test with IR

A

pt: supine starting with knee all the way flexed
PT: hand on the lateral ankle providing IR other hand on the knee joint controlling extension

21
Q

mcmurray test with ER

A
  • used to test the integrity of the medial meniscus
  • positive with a click and/or reproduction of pain at joint line
22
Q

pt and PT position in mcmurrays test with ER

A

pt: supine with knee flexed all the way
PT: hand on medial ankle providing external rotation of the tibia. other hand on the joint line controlling knee into extension.

23
Q

Thessaly

A

used to test the integrity of the meniscus

24
Q

pt and PT position for thessaly

A

pt: SLS with slight bend in the knee rotating medially and laterally
PT: provide UE support for pt.

25
Q

patellar apprehension

A
  • used to detect patellofemoral instability
  • positive with pt apprehension or quad contraction
26
Q

pt and PT position in patellar apprehension test

A

pt: supine with 30 degrees fo knee flexion
PT: passively translate the patella laterally

27
Q

clarkes sign/ patellar grind

A
  • used to test patellofemoral instability/ lateral tracking issues
  • positive with reproduction of pain or inability to hold QS for 2 secs
28
Q

pt and PT position in clarkes sign

A
  • pt supine hold quad set
  • pt: provides an inferior glide to the patella
29
Q

Noble compression

A
  • used to test for ITB (tendonitis/osis)
  • positive for a reproduction of pain at the lateral femoral condyle
30
Q

pt and PT position for noble compression

A

pt: supine knees flexed to 90
PT: provides pressure 1-2 cm from lateral femoral condyle and passively extending the knee.

31
Q

stroke test

A
  • used to test edema of the patella
  • positive with fluid observed on medial knee
    0= no wave
    1+ buldge on medial knee
    2+ spontaneous return after stroke
    3+ pitting edema
32
Q

pt and PT position in the stroke test

A

pt: supine knees extended
PT: glide fingers upward at medial tibiofemoral joint then glide fingers downward on distal lateral thigh

33
Q

Apleys compression and distraction

A
  • used to detect meniscus injuries
34
Q

pt and PT postion in Apleys

A
  • pt prone with knee flexed to 90
  • PT providing compression with IR and ER and distraction with IR and ER

Ortho Special Tests (4 decks)

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