Knee Flashcards
1
Q
Joint articulation and bones
A
- Modified synovial hinge joint
Consists of:
○ Patellofemoral
○ Tibio-femoral and menisci (*2)
2
Q
Bones & functions
A
Femur, Patella and Tibia
* Function: Stability and Mobility
3
Q
Capsule
A
- Posteriorly above intercondylar notch of tibia.
- Anteriorly - into patella and patella ligaments- Allows the suprapatellar bursa to be continuous with the synovial membrane of the joint capsule.
- Inferiorly - articular surfaces of the tibia and fibula head
- Superiorly- articular surfaces of femoral condyles
4
Q
Infrapatella fat pad
A
- Within capsule, extrasynovial
- Size and shape varies per person
5
Q
Menisci
A
- Medial and Lateral
- semilunar cartilages to make the joint more congruent and absorb shock.
- Function: Enlarge contact area and improve congruency, Assists lubrication, Prevents lateral slide
- Stabilise, lubricate joint, aids rotation, protection of hyaline, shock absorber
6
Q
bursa
A
- Suprapatella - front of femur and quads tendon
- Deep infrapatella- patella tendon infront of tibia
- Prepatella - between patella and skin
- Anserine Bursa - seperates the Pes Anserinus (Sartorius, Gracillis, Semitendinous) from the medial surface of tibia + MCL
- Superior infrapatella bursa - between patella tendon and skin
7
Q
ACL PCL
A
PCL - PUFM (posterior= Up, forward and medially)
ACL - AUBL (Anterior= up, back and laterally)
8
Q
Physiological movement
A
Flexion - soft end feel
Extension- hard end feel
internal/external rotation in knee flexion
9
Q
flexion muscles
A
- semimem
- semiten
- bicep fem
- gastroc
10
Q
extension muscles
A
- rect fem
- vastus med
- vastus lat
- vastus intermed
11
Q
Medial rotation muscle
A
- semiten
- semimem
- gracilis
- sartorius
- popliteus
12
Q
lateral rotation muscles
A
Biceps fem
13
Q
extracapsular ligaments
A
MCL LCL
14
Q
Intracpsular ligaments
A
ACL, PCL
15
Q
Tibiofemoral joint
A
- modified synovial hinge
- Hyaline cartilage covers the distal end of the femur & the superior epiphysis
