Knee 1

Question 1

What are the primary functions of the knee?

Answer 1

Support body weight, locomotion

Question 2

What type of joint is the Tibiofemoral Joint?

Answer 2

Synovial modified hinge

Question 3

List the two degrees of movement of the knee.

Answer 3

• Flexion/Extension (Sagittal plane)
• Medial and Lateral Rotation (Transverse plane)

Question 4

What are the key bony landmarks of the distal femur?

Answer 4

• Anterior: Adductor tubercle, Medial and Lateral Epicondyles, Lateral buttress wall, Patellar surface
• Posterior: Linea Aspera, Medial and lateral supracondylar lines, Medial and lateral condyles, Popliteal surface, Intercondylar fossa

Question 5

What is the shape and position of the Medial Meniscus?

Answer 5

C-shaped, narrower and thinner, less mobile

Question 6

What is the role of the menisci in the knee joint?

Answer 6

• Enhance tibiofemoral joint stability
• Act as shock absorbers
• Conform to changing shape of femoral condyles during knee movement

Question 7

True or False: The lateral meniscus is more mobile than the medial meniscus.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is Patellofemoral pain (PFP)?

Answer 8

Pain around or behind the patella aggravated by activities that load the patellofemoral joint

Question 9

What type of joint is the Patellofemoral Joint?

Answer 9

Synovial Saddle joint

Question 10

What are the main ligaments of the knee joint?

Answer 10

• Lateral Collateral Ligament (Fibular)
• Medial Collateral Ligament (Tibial)
• Anterior Cruciate Ligament
• Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The proximal attachment of the Lateral Collateral Ligament is the _______.

Answer 11

lateral femoral epicondyle

Question 12

What does the Anterior Cruciate Ligament limit?

Answer 12

Anterior translation of the tibia on the femur

Question 13

What is the anatomical significance of the Infrapatellar Fat Pad?

Question 14

Define Q Angle.

Answer 14

Angle between the Quadriceps muscles (particularly RF) and the Patellar tendon

Question 15

What is the effect of knee locking when standing?

Answer 15

Reduces the amount of muscle work needed to maintain the standing position

Question 16

What factors influence the stability of the Patellofemoral Joint?

Answer 16

• Patella Position (alta/baja)
• Lateral femoral buttress wall
• Ratio between VMO and VL
• Tightness of lateral retinaculum

Question 17

What is the classification of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint?

Answer 17

Synovial plane joint

Question 18

What are the main movements at the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint?

Answer 18

Small rotational movements during ankle DF/PF +/- gliding

Question 19

What is the primary function of the menisci during knee movement?

Answer 19

Conform to changing shape of femoral condyles

Question 20

What are the anatomical variances at the knee joint?

Answer 20

• Genu Varus
• Genu Valgus
• Hyperextension

Question 21

True or False: The cruciate ligaments are extrasynovial but intracapsular.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What does the term ‘sexual dimorphism’ refer to in the context of the knee?