Foot And Ankle

Question 1

What is the primary weight-bearing bone of the leg?

Answer 1

Tibia

Question 2

How does the size of the fibula compare to the tibia?

Answer 2

Much smaller than the tibia

Question 3

What structure links the tibia and fibula along their lengths?

Answer 3

Interosseous membrane

Question 4

List the functions of the foot and ankle region.

Answer 4

• Provides a stable base of support
• Provides a rigid lever for propulsion
• Absorbs the shock of weight bearing
• Conforms and adapts to uneven surfaces
• Important role in sensation / proprioception / balance
• Allows adjustment of line of gravity in standing
• Provides propulsion & restraint in walking

Question 5

What is the shape of the distal tibia?

Answer 5

S-shaped like a rectangular box

Question 6

What articulates with the lower surface of the distal tibia?

Answer 6

Talus

Question 7

What is the bony protuberance on the lateral side of the fibula called?

Answer 7

Lateral malleolus

Question 8

What are the three groups of bones in the foot?

Answer 8

• Tarsal bones
• Metatarsals (I to V)
• Phalanges

Question 9

What are the proximal tarsal bones?

Answer 9

• Talus
• Calcaneus

Question 10

What is the intermediate tarsal bone?

Answer 10

Navicular

Question 11

Name the distal group of tarsal bones.

Answer 11

• Cuboid
• Cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)

Question 12

What does the head of the talus articulate with?

Answer 12

Navicular

Question 13

What is the largest tarsal bone?

Answer 13

Calcaneus

Question 14

What is the prominent feature on the medial surface of the calcaneus?

Answer 14

Sustentaculum tali

Question 15

What shape is the navicular bone?

Answer 15

Boat-shaped

Question 16

What articulates with the anterior surface of the navicular?

Answer 16

Cuneiforms

Question 17

What are the three types of cuneiform bones?

Answer 17

• Lateral
• Intermediate
• Medial

Question 18

How many metatarsals are in the foot?

Answer 18

Five

Question 19

What are the components of each metatarsal?

Answer 19

• Head
• Shaft
• Base

Question 20

What condition is related to the fracture of Metatarsal V?

Answer 20

Iselin’s apophysitis

Question 21

How many phalanges does each toe have?

Answer 21

Three, except for the great toe which has two

Question 22

What are the components of each phalanx?

Answer 22

• Head
• Shaft
• Base

Question 23

What structures make up the ankle?

Answer 23

Talus of the foot and the distal tibia and fibula of the leg

Question 24

What are the superior and inferior surfaces of the foot called?

Answer 24

• Superior surface: dorsum
• Inferior surface: sole

Question 25

True or False: The foot has a primary role in balance and proprioception.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What bones articulate at the subtalar joint?

Answer 26

Talus and calcaneus

Question 27

What bones articulate at the talocrural joint

Answer 27

Tibia and fibula with the proximal surface of talus

Question 28

Tarsal tunnel contents

Answer 28

Remember Tom Dick and Bloody Nervous Harry **T**ibialis Posterior (muscle) Flexor **D**igitorum Longus (muscle) Tibial **Artery** and **Vein** Extensor **H**allucis Longus (muscle)

Question 29

Fan shaped medial ligament sub components?

Answer 29

Anterior tibiotalar L Posterior tibiotalar L Tibiocalcaneal L Tibionavicular L

Question 30

Name of fan shaped medial ligament

Answer 30

Deltoid ligament

Question 31

Lateral collateral ligament complex (3)

Answer 31

Anterior talofibular L (ATFL) Posterior talofibular L (PTFL) Calcaneofibular L (CFL)