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COMPS:ALL THINGS GAIT > KnB Gait Deviations > Flashcards

KnB Gait Deviations Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of Gait deviation

A

deformity

weakness

sensory changes

pain

impaired motor control

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2
Q

Where is pain usually in gait cycle?

A

Stance

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3
Q

Impaired motor control in Gait

A
  • impaired selective control
  • impaired eccentric control
    • ​spasticity
  • primitive motor patterns emerge
  • altered timing/grading of mm act.
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4
Q

What 2 phases rep. Wt. acceptance?

A

IC

LR

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5
Q

What 2 phases rep. Single Limb Support?

A

MidStance

Terminal Stance

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6
Q

What phases rep. Swing Limb Advance.?

A

PSw

ISw

MSw

TSw

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7
Q

Devs @ the Toes

when will you see these??

Trouble bringing toes UP

A

TSt and PSw

  • Inadequate EXT –> Hallux Rigidus
  • Clawed/Hammer Toes
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8
Q

1st MTP joint

Explain..

A
  • Up to almost 55deg Toe EXT occurs @ PSw
  • compensations:
    • ​Hallux limitans
    • Hallux rigidus
    • Hallux valgus
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9
Q

Deviations @ Foot and Ankle

Excess PF

A
  • Typically affects:
    • ​IC
    • LR
    • MSt
    • TSt
    • ISw
    • MSw
    • TSw
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10
Q

Exess PF @ IC

A

forefoot contact

LOW heel contact

Loss of Heel rocker

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11
Q

Excess PF in LR

A

Loss of heel rocker== limtd knee flexion

MAY drive tibia posteriorly

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12
Q

Exess PF @ MSt

A

inhibits advance. of tibia== loss of ankle rocker

  • MAY result:
    • premature heel off
    • knee hyperext.
    • forward trunk lean
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13
Q

Excess PF @ ISw and MSw

A

Toe drag

DECd step length due to inhibited advance. of limb

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14
Q

Excess DF

A
  • Where?
    • IC
    • LR
    • MSt
    • TSt
    • PSw
  • functionally more sig. in Stance
  • Usually due to:
    • LACK of normal PF
    • gastroc/soleus weakness
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15
Q

Excess DF in LR and MSt/TSt

A
  • INCd heel rocker== INCd quads demand
  • Excess tibial translation==unstable knee==INCd quad demand
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16
Q

Deviations @ the knee

Limtd Knee Flex

A
  • where?
    • LR
    • PSw
    • ISw
17
Q

Dev’s @ Knee

Excess Knee Flex

A
  • Where?
    • LR
    • MSt
    • TSt
    • TSw
  • Excess knee flex– Stance
    • ​mostly affects LR, MSt, TSt
  • Excess knee flex– Swing
    • ​aka inadequate EXT
    • Mostly affects TSw
18
Q

Devs @ Knee

Extensor Thrust or

Hyperextension

A
  • Extensor Thrust
    • ​usually seen LR–> TSt
      • ​possibly TSw
    • active extensor moment created by glute max and early PF
      • spastic PFs
  • Hyperextension
    • ​usually passive (and static) in SLS (LR–> MSt or TSt)
    • PSw also
      • ​knee lig insufficiency
    • may be compensatory
19
Q

Deviations @ the Hip

Limtd Hip Flex

A
  • where?
    • IC
    • LR
    • ISw
    • MSw
    • TSw
  • usually due to weakness or DECd gait speed
  • Primarily affects Swing phases of gait
20
Q

Devs @ Hip

Excess Flex or inadequate EXT

MSt

A

forward trunk lean OR excessive lordosis compensated by knee flex

  • Where?
    • IC, LR, MSt, TSt
21
Q

Devs @ Hip

Excess Flex or inadequate EXT

TSt

A

pelvis remains ANT. tilted, loss of extended thigh==> poor advance.

  • where?
    • IC, LR, MSt, TSt
22
Q

Common Causes of Hip excess flexion or inadequate extension

A
  • hip flex contracture/spasticity
  • ITB tightness
  • Hip pain
  • Jt. inflammation
  • HO
    • bony growth in mm
    • usually illiacus
23
Q

Devs @ HIP

Excess ADDuction

*Rare

A
  • Scissor Gait—-feet cross ea. other
    • ​excess hip ADD. in stance phase resulting in narrow BOS
    • ADD. spasticity
  • Trendelenberg Gait
    • ​MOST pronounced in SLS
    • CONTRALAT pelvic drop due to weak hip ABD’s
      • ​results in Excess ADD.
24
Q

Positive Trendelenberg

*WEAK ABD’s

*Excess ADD.

A
25
Q

Devs @ HIP

Excess ABDuction

A
  • Stance
    • ​==> wide BOS but greater effort in transition
  • Swing
    • ​compensatory to INC foot clearance
      • more circumduction
26
Q

Tips for Assessing Gait

A
  • Select reference limb
  • observe overall appearance in standing, THEN walking
    • velocity, step length, UE/trunk motion
  • THEN break it down joint by joint
  • focus on one joint thru all phases
  • view from all sides
  • note major devs
  • hypothesize cause of deviations
  • perform specific assessments to test
    • ex. if you sus weak DFs bc bad toe clearance during swing====> TEST DF STRENGTH!!!
27
Q

RLA Analysis Sheet

A

Look @ what is listed for Ea. Joint

COMPS:ALL THINGS GAIT (6 decks)

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