Klus prep Abrahamic religions Flashcards
Mitzvoth
Rules that the Jews had to follow (apart of their religion)
What was origin of Judaism
2000BCE Abraham was called into a covenant
What was the covenant about
God would give him a son, be the father of nation, protect him and give him the land of Israel (promised land)
What is the diaspora
The scattering of the Jews
Where did Abraham go
He went to Ur, then Harran, Canaan, and went to Egypt with his offspring
How many captivities happened to the Jews
Two captivities happened to the Jews, the Roman and the Babylonian captivities
Exodus story
Moses, plagues, Ten Commandments, and promise land
Vernacular
Means translated to most common language
Covenant
An agreement between two or more parties
Great schism
A split between the Catholic Church
Why did the great schism happen
The eastern thought that the pope shouldn’t have power over them, but the western thought that the pope was closest to god, therefore they should lead the Catholics, so they split in 1054
Protestant reformation
Martin Luther created the Protestant church, because he wanted to divorce, but he couldn’t, so he made the Protestant church
Who does Abraham have children
Sarah (Jacob), Hagar (Ishmael)
What are gentilles
People who aren’t Jews
What is god called
Yahweh
What are 3 differences between the eastern and the western churche
The Eastern church believes that pope shouldn’t have power over them, so the pope doesn’t lead them, the western church believes the pope is closest to god, and the eastern church doesn’t believe in purgatory like the western church
What is the difference between the Protestants and the Catholic Church
The Protestants don’t have a pope, Catholics don’t base their beliefs on the Bible alone and they follow the traditions more then what the Bible says, the last they have a pope, bishops, priests and deacons that are only male a don’t marry
What’s so special about Calvin’s church
He had predestination, based on his teachings
What is the Roman Catholic official language
Latin
What did Henry the 8th do
He mad the 2nd Protestant church called the Anglican Church (1536 CE), because his wife wouldn’t give him a baby born, and the church wouldn’t let him divorce his wife, so he made his own church so he could divorce her
What is the sabbath for the abrahamic religions
Sabbath for Islam- Friday
Sabbath for Christianity- Sunday
Sabbath for Judaism- Saturday
What were indulgences
shorten the time your in purgatory, or others
Who gets enslaved in Egypt
The Jews
Who asks god for help and what does he do
Moses ask the pharaoh to let his people go and it doesn’t work, so he asks god and the people get freed after the ten plagues
The ten plagues
Water to blood Frogs Gnats/lice Flies Livestock disease Boils Thunder and hail Locust Darkness Death to first born
What is the Passover
When the death angel comes and kills first born
How to prevent from dying in the pass over
Put sheeps blood on top of the door
How long did the Jews and Moses wander in the desert
40 years
What happened when the Jews got to the promised land
When they got to Canaan, people were their
What happened in the war
David knocked out the giant with a rock using a slingshot and then used a sword to chop off his head
Who is the king of the Jews after the war, what happens and when
Davis is next king and he brings the ark of the covenant (970 BCE)
Who was the next king after David and what did he do
Solomon was the next king who made the temple for the ark of the covenant and made the people pay heavy taxes which lead to a revolt
What happened to the churches that caused them to split
Northern tribes broke away to form separate kingdom of Israel. Southern kingdom, ruled by decendents of David and Solomon, named Kingdom of Judah
After the churches split what happens
The Assyrians conquer the northern kingdom and they scattered across the Assyrian empire
What happens in 539 BCE
The Persians defeat the Babylonians and let them go
How long was the Babylonian captivity
(597 - 539 BCE)
What language gets introduced to the Jews in 331 BCE
Greek
Why was Hanukkah created
The Jews revolted against Greeks in 132, when they imposed the Greek religion to them
What happens between 63 BCE and 66 CE
The Romans conquer (63 BCE) and then the Jews revolt in 66 CE and are force the Romans out, but 4 years later they conquer the Jews again and forced the Jews to leave
What happened in 132 CE
Jews revolt again and again are crushed - Romans force all Jews to leave Jerusalem and renamed land Palestine (after Philistines)
What is the old bible and the new part of the Bible called
The old is called the Old Testament and the new is called the Tenak
What are the 3 parts of the Tenak
The first is the Torah, the 2nd the Nevim, and the last is the Kiturime
Where did Hebrews worship
Synagogue
Percentage of 3 types of Jews
Orthodox 7 (orignal), conservative 38 (English translation), and reform (modern)
What is Christianity based on
Life, teachings, death, and resurrections
How long did Jesus live
5 BCE - 33 CE
When did Jesus do his ministry
His last 3 years
Trinitarian monotheism
The son, the father, and the Holy Spirit
What made Jesus special
The resurrection
Peter (4 things)
One of 12 disciples
Went to Rome established church
First Bishop of Rome
Worked in Jewish Communities
Paul
Rejected idea of Jesus as Messiah and persecuted Jews that became Christians
He became a Christian, traveled around the Mediterranean and converted Gentilles to Christians
Christianity: Reasons for Growth (5 things)
- Promised salvation (better afterlife)
- Jesus thought everybody should be accepted, equal, and loved
- Romans familiar with the religion
- Missionaries used trade routes to travel
- Christian communities gave people a sense of belonging
Who was the first to persecute and when
Nero (60 CE)
Who had the worst persecutions
Diocletian
Why did Christianity become legalized
Converted his army to Christians right before the battle and won, so he legalized it
Roman Catholic Church Organization
Pope Cardinals Bishops Priests - rankings above priest can’t marry Laity
When was the Great schism
1054 CE
Life of Muhammad
Born in Mecca 570CE - 632 CE
Beginning of the Muslim calendar
632 CE
How did Muhammad start his life
In poverty, then became successful merchant
Angel Gabriel came to Muhammad and what did he say
To be gods role as gods messager
What was the night called when Angel Gabriel came to Muhammad
The night of power and excellence
Who did Muhammad marry
He married Khadijah
When did Muhammad share his experience
At 40
Was Muhammad’s teachings popular
No, they were not
What happened to Muhammad in 630 CE
He conquered Mecca and established holy center of Islam
Who is Alluh’s final prophet
Muhammad
Where do Muslims pray
Mosque
What are the 5 pillars
Declaration of faith Pray five times per day Almsgiving - giving to the poor Ramadan - fasting 9th month Pilgrimage to Mecca
