KKDP : 3 Operant Conditioning Flashcards
What is operant conditioning
It refers to learning in which behaviour becomes controlled by its consequences
What is an operant response?
a response that occurs without any stimulus causing it - that is a voluntary behaviour
what is the D-B-C of operant conditioning
D - discriminative stimulus (the environment or stimulus that leads to the behaviour)
B - Behaviour (operant response)
C - consequence (reinforcer)
what are the 4 different consequences of operant conditioning?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
punishment
response cost
Positive reinforcement
a reward which strengthens a response by providing a pleasant or satisfying consequence
Negative reinforcement
The removal, reduction or prevention of an unpleasant stimulus
Punishment
a punisher is any stimulus that weakened or decreases the likelihood of a response
positive punishment ( involves a behaviour being followed by a negative consequence)
Response cost
is also a form of punishment that occurs when something desirable is removed
Schedules of reinforcement
the frequency and manner in which a response is reinforced
continuous reinforcement
when a correct response is reinforced every time it is given - this is necessary in the acquisition stage
partial reinforcement
when only some correct reposes are reinforced
what are the 4 schedules?
Fixed ratio
fixed interval
variable ratio
variable interval
fixed interval
reinforcement is delivered after a fixed time period as long as at least one correct response is given
fixed ratio
reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of correct responses
variable interval
reinforcement is delivered after an average amount of time
