Kinship and Marriage Flashcards
What is a universal concept found in all societies?
The concept of kin/family
Different societies have varying ideas about social roles within the family.
What is the center of kinship according to many cultures?
Bloodline (consanguineal)
Not all societies recognize blood as the only form of kinship.
What is kinship through marriage called?
Affinal kinship
Indigenous people in Northern Alaska exemplify this concept.
What defines a kinship system?
A pattern of culturally recognized relationship between family members.
What are the two main types of descent in kinship systems?
- Unilineal descent
- Bilateral descent
What is patrilineal descent?
Kinship traced through the paternal side.
What is matrilineal descent?
Kinship traced through the maternal side.
True or False: In a patrilineal system, individuals remain members of their father’s lineage group after marriage.
True.
What is a nuclear family?
Parents with minor or dependent children.
What is an extended family?
At least three generations living together.
What is endogamy?
The practice of marrying within one’s cultural group.
What is exogamy?
The practice of marrying outside of one’s cultural group.
What is polygyny?
Marriage between a husband and multiple wives.
What is polyandry?
Marriage between a wife and multiple husbands.
What is a case study that exemplifies fraternal polyandry?
Goldstein’s study on brothers jointly taking a wife in Tibet.
What are some reasons for arranged marriages?
- Economic reasons
- Social reasons
What is dowry?
Transfer of goods or services from the bride’s family to the newlyweds.
Fill in the blank: The groom price is the transfer of goods and services to the _______ family.
groom’s
What is bride wealth?
Transfer of goods or services to the bride’s family, often seen in horticulturists and pastoralists.
What is post-marital residence?
The living arrangement of newlyweds based on roles and obligations.
What is neolocal residence?
Newlyweds move to a new location away from families.
What is matrilocal residence?
Husband moves in with wife’s mother’s family.
What is patrilocal residence?
Newlyweds live with the husband’s father’s family.
What is avunculocal residence?
Living with wife’s mother’s brother in matrilineal societies.
True or False: Same-sex marriages have gained legal recognition in many countries.
True.
What is the role of ‘Two spirits’ in some cultures?
A male or female could take on the opposite gender role without condemnation.
What is the focus of case studies regarding life without husbands and fathers?
Exploring family dynamics and culture change.
What is bilateral descent?
When both the paternal and maternal side are considered equally important relatives. Kinship traced through both sides.
What is cross-cousin marriage?
Marriage between first cousins.
What is unique when it comes to marriage in Tibet?
Many people participate in fraternal polyandry, where a set of brothers share the same wife.
Why are the Na interesting?
Because they lived in a matrilineal society where no kids knew their biological fathers.
What is descent vs. alliance theory?
Determination of inheritance based off of unilineal or bilineal descent vs determinance of inheritance based off of alliances between kin.
What are parallel cousins?
A cousin from parents same sex sibling.
Ex your mom’s sister’s kid and you
