Kings And Parliement 1603-29 Flashcards
Was Elizabeth’s religious inheritance, were people happy for James to take over the Church of England ?
-Greeted with relief
-Male Protestant king with multiple children which offered the prospect of a stable succession
-catholics hoped that his dead mother would bring sympathy to them, and therefore ease their persecution
-puritans hoped that his Presbyterian upbringing would lead him to accept their reforms
What was James first religious policy ?
He suspended the collection of recusancy fines, however he was faced with severe critism/ complaints from Parliament and chose to reimpose them in 1604
What was the gunpowder plot
Encouraged by the reimposition of recusancy fines , Catholic minorities attempted to get help from Spain
In 1605 Catholic conspirators tried to blow up Parliament whilst the king was present
What was in the millenary petition ?
-Moderate request for changes in certain practices within the Church of England (made by puritans)
-1000 signatories
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What was the Hampton court conference ?
-1604
-he called this conference to respond to the military petition
-he rejected their ideas, warned them that if they did not conform to the rules laid in the prayer book he would
HARRY THEM OUT OF THE KINGDOM
Who did James appoint as Archbishop of Canterbury ?
Richard Bancroft
He enforced rules contained in the Anglican prayer book on the use of ceremonies and ceremonial dresses
Some ministers lost their jobs as a result to not conforming .
Was James religiously tolerant ?
-during his reign it is clear that James tried to avoid unnecessary provocation
-discreet catholics could worship for long periods of time without being disturbed
-puritan ministers who confirmed to the prayer book occasionally could ignore unpalatable rules and ceremonies
-1911 Bancroft dies and is replaced with a more peaceful archbishop George abbot
PARAGRAPH PAGE 21
What religious policies were introduced in Scotland by James ?
(Presbyterian church)
-1621 he persuaded Scot’s to accept bishops (albeit with limited powers)
-attempted to bring a prayer book similar to England but it was greatly opposed
-he hoped to bring the two churches together to create uniformity across the two kingdoms
Were James religious policies a success?
-few complaints voiced in Parliament
COMPLAINTS WERE LIMITED AROUND ;
-recusancy fines not levied enough
-kings foreign policy was not Protestant enough ( end of war with Spain )
Overall religion was not a major cause of tension in Parliament.
What dispute occurred in 1604 in Parliament
-Election in Buckinghamshire
-attempt by the privy council to reverse the result in favour of the court candidate sir John fortescue
Produced an angry protest from the House of Commons
What were the House of Commons worried about
-concerned that their rights would be overlooked as James made extravagant claims of divine rights of kings
Eg in 1598 he published a book the true law of free monarchies in Which he had claimed that KINGS ARE JUSTLY CALLED GOD FOR THAT THEY EXERCISE A MANNER OR RESEMBLANCE OF DIVINE POWER ON EARTH
And that
THEY MAKE AND UNMAKE THEIR SUBJECTS , THEY HAVE POWER OF RAISING AND CASTING DOWN , OF LIFE AND DEATH
-he also believed that kings were above the law (gives major cause for concerns to MPs)
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Why did the Parliament agree to settle James’ debt ?
After the gunpowder plot - Protestant unity was formed , parliamentary reconciliation led to a grant to settle enamels debt
What did James want for England and Scotland ?
Was this possible ?
-desired a perfect Union which would amalgate the best English/Scottish institutions
-he saw the possibility for improvement of the governing system in both kingdoms
-Englishmen were very anti-Scottish
-legacy of past hostilities which had been enforced through James actions (he made numerous gifts of titles and pensions to his Scottish courtiers )this was deeply resented
-Englishmen refused to accept the idea that any English institutions could be improved by using Scottish ideas
-sir Edwin sandys said that the perfect union would only be achieved by abolishing Scottish law and replacing it with English one
-many saw Scotland as penniless trying to steal and exploit englands’ resources
What did catholics expect from James when he first came into rule?
Hoped for an end of persecution due to his mother being Mary queen of scots
