Kingdoms Key Terms Flashcards
Alga
A photosynthetic plant-like protist
Amphibian
Member of the tetrapod class Amphibia (salamanders, frogs, and caecilians)
Angiosperm
A flowering plant, which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary. They produce a flower and produce their seeds within a fruit
Bilateral Symmetry
Body form divisible into two halves that are mirror images.
Binary Fussion
Asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring
Budding
Fungi reproduction in which unicellular yeast buds off of new cells.
Cellulose
A structural polysaccharide of cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by B-1, 4-glycosidic linkages
Chemoautotroph
Obtains energy from minerals
Chemoheterotroph
An organism that must obtain both energy and carbon by consuming organic molecules.
Chitin
What fungi cell walls are made of
Extremeophile
A prokaryote that lives in extreme environment. They include methanogens, extreme halophiles, and extreme thermophiles.
Extreme Halophile
Salt-loving prokaryotes, generates ATP from salt (found in Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea)
Extreme Thermophile
A prokaryote that thrives in hot environments (high acid contents, high temperatures)
Facultative Anaerobe
Lives with or without oxygen, prefers no oxygen
Flower
Plant structure that is the main reproduction system
Fragmentation
Fungi reproduction in which fungi are physically broken apart and the pieces grow into new fungi.
Gram-Negative
Smaller amounts of peptidoglycan, with more complex cell walls. More deadly then gram-positive, and antibiotic resistant.
Gram-Positive
Simpler cell walls with large amounts of peptidoglycan
Gymnosperm
Produce seeds in cones, or seeds that aren’t enclosed in fruit
Leaf.
The main photosynthetic organ of vascular plants.
Mammal
Member of the class Mammalia, amniotes with mammary glands that produce milk.
Methanogen
Converts H2 and CO2 into methane; lives in anaerobic conditions
Mutalism
A symbolic relationship in which both participants benefit
Obligate Aerobe
An organism that requires oxygen for cellular respiration and cannot live without it.
Obligate Anaerobe
An organism that cannot use oxygen and is poisoned by it.
Parasite
An organism that benefits by living in or on another organism at the expense of the host.
Phloem
Type of vessel that transports nutrients and sugars.
Photoautotroph
Obtain energy from sunlight
Protozoan
Another name for animal-like protist
Peptidoglycan
Molecule of protein and sugar found in some bacterial cell walls.
Radical Symmetry
Body form of which the body is divisible into equal halves through various planes.
Reptile
Member of the clade of amninotes (tuatara, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians, and birds)
Root
Anchors plants in the ground, absorbs water and nutrients, and stores sugars.
Seed
An adaptation for terrestrial plants consisting of an embryo packaged along with a store of food within a resistant coat
Seedless Vascular Plant
They do not produce seeds, they reproduce using spores.
Stem
Supports leaves and transports water and nutrients.
Vascular Plant
A plant with vascular tissue that allows rapid movement of water and substances; has true roots, stems, and leaves.
Xylem
Type of vessel that transports water
