Kingdom Plantae: Anatomy and Classification

Question 1

Botany

Answer 1

The study of plants.

Question 2

Perennial plants

Answer 2

Plants that grow year after year. Generally have woodier stems of trunks.

Question 3

Annual plants

Answer 3

Live for one year. They are called herbaceous.

Question 4

Biennial plants

Answer 4

Herbaceous plants that live for two years.

Question 5

Vegetative organs

Answer 5

Stem, roots, and leaves not used in reproduction.

Question 6

Reproductive plant organs

Answer 6

Flowers, fruits and seeds. encases seeds.

Question 7

Undifferentiated cells

Answer 7

Cells that have not specialized in a specific function.

Question 8

Xylem

Answer 8

Non living vascular tissue that carries water and dissolves minerals from the roots of a plant to its leaves.

Question 9

Phloem

Answer 9

Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout the plant.

Question 10

Leaf mosaic

Answer 10

The arrangement of leaves on the stem of a plant.

Question 11

Leaf margin

Answer 11

The characteristics of the leaf’s edge.

Question 12

Epidermis (use)

Answer 12

Protect inner parts of the leaf

Question 13

Xylem function

Answer 13

Carries water and dissolves minerals

Question 14

Phloem function

Answer 14

Transports food and organic substances

Question 15

chollenchyma (use)

Answer 15

Support

Question 16

Palisade mesophyll (use)

Answer 16

Photosynthesis

Question 17

Spongy mesophyll (use)

Answer 17

Photosynthesis

Question 18

What controls the opening and closing of the stomata on a leaf?

Answer 18

Guard cells

Question 19

Why is the bottom of the leaf typically a lighter shade of green than the top of the leaf?

Answer 19

Photosynthesis cells are not tightly packed there.

Question 20

Deciduous plant

Answer 20

A plant that looses its leaves for winter, in order to conserve water

Question 21

Name two types of pigments that cause leaves to be a color other than green.

Answer 21

Carotenoids, and anthocyanins

Question 22

If a tree has no abscission layer, will it be deciduous?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

Where is the abscission layer?

Answer 23

Between the stem and the petuel

Question 24

Girdling

Answer 24

The process of cutting away a ring of inner and outer bark all the way around a tree.

Question 25

What region contains undifferentiated cells?

Answer 25

Meristematic

Question 26

What allows woody stems to have no limits to their growth?

Answer 26

They have a layer of tissue called the cork cambium.

Question 27

What is the function of vascular cambium?

Answer 27

Produce new xylem and phloem.

Question 28

If a stem has cork cambium, is it woody or herbaceous?

Answer 28

woody

Question 29

What kind of vascular tissue makes up most of the wood in a woody stem?

Answer 29

xylem

Question 30

What kind of vascular tissue is found in the inner bark of a woody stem?

Answer 30

phloem

Question 31

Alternation of generations

Answer 31

A life cycle in which there is a both multicellular diploid form and a multicellular haploid form.

Question 32

Dominant generation

Answer 32

In alternation of generations, it is the generation that occupies the largest portion of the life cycle.

Question 33

A fern has antheridia and archegonia. Which part of the fern life cycle is it in? Is this the dominant generation?

Answer 33

The gametophyte generation, no.

Question 34

Pollen

Answer 34

A fine dust that contains the sperm of seed producing plants.

Question 35

What are the male and female reproductive organs in a tree from phylum Coniferophyta?

Answer 35

Pollen-cone and seed-cone

Question 36

Why are plants from phylum Bryophyta relatively small?

Answer 36

They have no vascular tissue to transport nutrients very far.

Question 37

If a 15-foot tall plant has a root system that goes four feet deep, is it fibrous or taproot system?

Answer 37

Fibrous

Question 38

Name other difference between monocots and dicots.

Answer 38

Venation is parallel vs netted venation. Fibrous vs taproot system. Flowers in groups of three or six vs flowers in groups of four or five.

Question 39

A plant produces seed cones and pollen cones. Is it vascular? To what phylum (of the ones that we discussed)does it belong?

Answer 39

Yes, Coniferophyta

Question 40

A plant produces flowers. To what phylum does it belong?

Answer 40

Anthophyta