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BOTANY CLASS 11 > Kingdom Monera > Flashcards

Kingdom Monera Flashcards

1
Q

In kingdom Monera, cell wall is made of

A

Peptidoglycan and Murein, Polysaccharides and amino acids

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2
Q

cell membrane is made of

A

lipids+ proteins

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3
Q

periplasmic space is analogous to

A

lysosome

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4
Q

circular bacteria are? give examples

A

Coccus eg staphylococci, diplococcus, pneumoniae

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5
Q

rod shaped bacteria are? give examples

A

Bacillus eg. lactobacillus, anthracis

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6
Q

spiral bacteria are? give examples

A

Spirilli eg. Spirilum voluntans

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7
Q

Comma bacteria are? give examples

A

Vibrio eg. vibrio cholarae

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8
Q

Unique phenotypic properties are given to the bacteria by

A

Plasmids

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9
Q

Only bacteria without cell wall

A

Mycoplasma

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10
Q

Glycocalyx which is present in the form of a loose sheath

A

slime layer

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11
Q

Glycocalyx present in the form of hard layer is

A

cell capsule

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12
Q

Lipopolysaccharide layer is present in

A

Gram negative bacteria

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13
Q

Eubacteria was first observed by

A

Anton Von Leeuwenhoek and called it “animalcule”

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14
Q

Bible of Bacterial classification

A

Bergey’s Manual

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15
Q

L ring is made of

A

Lipopolysaccharides

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16
Q

Which type of bacteria retains the stain

A

Gram-positive

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17
Q

Sex pili are found only in

A

Male or donor cell

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18
Q

which type of pili help in infection and attachment

A

Shorter pili

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19
Q

Which type of pili helps in conjugation

A

Longer pili

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20
Q

Flagella are made of

A

Flagellin( contractile)

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21
Q

pili are made of

A

Pilin (non-contractile)

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22
Q

The glycocalyx is divided into two types

A

Capsules and SLime layer

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23
Q

The glycocalyx is made of

A

polysaccharides and polypeptides

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24
Q

Another name of mesosome

A

Chondroid

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25
Q

Mesosomes are found in the form of

A

Vesicles, Tubules, Lamellae

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26
Q

Mesosomes are analogous to

A

Mitochondria

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27
Q

The enzyme that digests peptidoglycan

A

Lysozyme

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28
Q

Volutin Granules function is

A

metachromatic granules that store polymetaphosphate

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29
Q

bacteria whose cell wall has been removed

A

L-form bacteria

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30
Q

bacteria involved in the souring of wine

A

Acetobacter aceti

31
Q

Bacteria involved in chemosynthesis

A

Nitrosomonas, nitrococci, nitrobacter

32
Q

Fermentation bacteria are generally

A

anaerobic eg. lactobacillus

33
Q

Teichoic acid is present only in

A

gram-positive bacteria

34
Q

Parasitic bacteria example

A

Mycobacter leprae, m. tuberculosis

35
Q

SAPROPHYTIC BACTERIA EXAMPLES

A

PSEUDOMONAS, CLOSTRIDIUM BOTILINUM, B. VULGARIS, STAPHYYLOCOCCI

36
Q

ENDOSPORE FORMATION IS MOSTLY SEEN IN

A

BACILLUS BACTERIA DURING UNFAVOURABLE CONDITIONS

37
Q

Endospore has maximum resistance due to …………. in their wall

A

Ca- dipicolenate

38
Q

Name the product of reproduction that is highly resistant to unfavourable conditions

A

endospore

39
Q

The most common method of reproduction

A

BInary fission

40
Q

Type of reproduction in which genetic material is transferred via bacteriophage

A

Transduction

41
Q

First organisms to evolve oxygen

A

Blue-green bacteria

42
Q

name the pigments present in blue-green algae along with their colours

A

Chlorophyll a-green
Carotenoids- yellow
C-phycocyanine- blue
C-phycoerythrin- red

43
Q

What is the organism that is responsible for red tide

A

Trichodesmium erythrum (cyanobacteria)

44
Q

Name some uses of SCP

A

used in dietary supplements, fodder for cattle, be grown in tanks

45
Q

Name some colonial cyanobacteria

A

Anabaena and microcysts- they form shiny colonies and are covered with slimy mucilagenous sheath

46
Q

Name some filamentous bacteria

A

oscillatoria

47
Q

Name the vitamins that Escherichia coli is rich in

A

Vit E and K and is used in genetic engineering

48
Q

Alpha granules store

A

cyanophycaen starch (not true starch)

49
Q

Gas vacuoles help in

A

Buoyancy and floating

50
Q

WHat cause crown gall disease in plants

A

Agrobacterium tumifacius also used in genetic engineering

51
Q

Symbiotic form name some bacteria

A

Nostoc and Anabaena

52
Q

What is used in the roots of water fern (Azolla)

A

Anaebena

53
Q

Anabaena and nostoc are found in the roots of

A

Cycas and coralloid roots

54
Q

Free-living BGA are

A

Anabaena, oscillatoria, nostoc and anabaena

55
Q

Nostoc has a special cell which is called

A

heterocyst - helps in N2 fixation

56
Q

Reproduction in BGA

A

Binary fission in spirulina

Fragmentation in oscillatoria and allosira

57
Q

Name some useful things about BGA

A

N2 fixation, used in green manure, releases acids to make the soil fertile, release certain toxins in order to kill mosquito larvae

58
Q

Harmful acts of BGA

A

causes water bloom in polluted water bodies.

59
Q

Name some diseases caused by mycoplasma

A
  • sterility in male
  • bovine pleuropneumonia in cattle
  • -little leaf disease in brinjal
  • bunchy top in papaya
  • aster yellow in sunflower
  • witches broom in potato and groundnut
60
Q

Which taxonomic category is mycoplasma

A

Genus

61
Q

Mycoplasma was discovered by

A

Nocard and Roux, Doi, Nowak

62
Q

Jokers of microbiology

A

Mycoplasma since they show pleomorphism

63
Q

The membrane of mycoplasma is made of

A

lipoprotein

64
Q

Why is mycoplasma resistant to penicillin

A

Since it lacks a cell wall

65
Q

Mycoplasma are susceptible to tetracycline, chloramphenicol since

A

they act on metabolic activities

66
Q

what is the mode of nutrition in mycoplasma

A

osmotrophic

67
Q

Name some anaerobic bacteria

A

Lactobacillus and Clostridium botulinum

68
Q

Name some aerobic bacteria

A

Clostridium tetani, Acetobacter aceti

69
Q

Archaebacteria have highly complex cell membrane since

A

they have highly branched lipid chains

70
Q

Archaebacteria which are used in making antibiotics

A

Frankia, Streptomyces, Beggiattoa

71
Q

Halophiles live in

A

Highly salty areas eg. halobacterium

72
Q

Thermoacidophiles live in

A

HIGHLY SALINE AREAS AND ACIDIC AREAS. EG. sulpholobus

73
Q

METHANOGENS LIVE IN

A

marshy areas to produce methane eg. rumenococcus, methanobacter, methanomicrobium, methanococcus

74
Q

Archaebacteria lack……… but have……….

A

Peptidoglycan but have peptides and polysaccharides

BOTANY CLASS 11 (6 decks)

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