Kingdom Fungi Flashcards
Mycelium
Mass of hyphae
Hyphae
Individual filaments in the fungi
Septa
Divide the cells of the fungi, there are holes in the septa that allow for communication between cells
Chitin
Polysaccharides of glucose, found in arthropods and Fungi
How do fungi get their food?
Fungi secretes digestive enzymes to break down organisms and absorbs the nutrients it needs
What does the term mean to propagate?
To reproduce
How do fungi propagate?
By making spores
What is produced when two hyphae come together?
Zygotes
What must occur to produce haploid spores?
Meiosis
Where do you find Chytrids in nature?
In the water
What is unique about the spores of Chytrids?
They are swimming spores that require water to disperse, they have a flagella
What problems have chytrids caused amphibians?
Causes abnormal posture and behavior, skin changes, sudden death, tadpoles with abnormal mouthpart.
The mycelia of Rhizopus can undergo asexual reproduction by producing ____ that produces _____. The spores germinate into ______ ______.
Hyphae, spores, more hyphae
When two hyphae meet, sexual reproduction can occur. The hyphae ____ forming a zygosporangium.
fuse
The haploid nuclei in the zygosporangium fuse to form diploid ______.
Nuclei
The diploid nuclei undergo ______ and give rise to stalked sporangia that produce _____. The spores will germinate into new _______.
Meiosis, spores, spores.
Rhizopus not only grows on bread but it also grows on _____.
Fruit
Where are the spores of an ascomycete produced?
At the end of specialized hyphae
The spores of an ascomycete are called?
Asco Spores
Sexual reproduction in a basidiomycete begins when two _____ of opposite mating types meet and fuse. The fused _____ grow into a mycelium, each cell contains a single nucleus.
Hyphae, Hyphae
The hyphae from the ______ aggregate and produce a mushroom.
mycelium
Basidia form on the mushroom’s _______. There is a fusion between the two haploid nuclei in each ______ that produces a diploid nucleus.
gills, basidia
The diploid nucleus then divides by meiosis to give rise to ___ spores.
4
The basidiospores are dispersed and then germinate into new
mushrooms
The mushroom, puffball, stinkhorn, and shelf fungi are all ______ _______, which are dense aggregations of ______.
Fruiting bodies, hyphae.
The cap of a mushroom is called the _____
pilius
The stalk of a mushroom is called the ____.
stipe
Under the cap are the _____ which is where the ______ are found before they are released to produce new hyphae.
gills, spores
How is a fairy ring formed?
Mycelium is grown in a ring underground
Why are the Deuteromycetes not put in any other group?
Imperfect fungi, sexual structures haven’t been observed
What is a lichen?
Formed by a fungi that live with photosynthetic algae or cyanobacteria in a symbiotic relationship
What are mycorrhizae?
A fungus associated with plant roots
What kind of plant diseases are caused by fungi?
Oak wilt/decline
What kind of human diseases are caused by fungi?
Oral Thrush (yeast infection of mouth), diaper rash = Candida
Ringworm
What kinds of drugs are produced by fungi?
Penicillin, cyclosporin, cephalosporin
What kinds of foods are produced by fungi?
Bread, beer, wine
What kind of fungi do we eat?
Mushrooms and cheese
How do fungi aid in controlling pest and in decomposition?
They decompose pests
