Kingdom Animalia Part 1 Flashcards
What are the characteristics of animals?
Eukaryotic, heterotrophic, cells lack cell walls, multicellular.
What are the 9 levels of biological classification?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
What is Porifera?
Phylum that includes sponges, known as ‘pore bearing’.
What is Cnidaria?
Phylum that includes jellyfish, hydra, and anemone, known as ‘sting bearer’.
What is Platyhelminthes?
Phylum that includes flatworms.
What is Nematoda?
Phylum that includes roundworms.
What is Mollusca?
Phylum that includes bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods.
What is Annelida?
Phylum that includes segmented worms.
What is Arthropoda?
Phylum that includes insects, arachnids, and crustaceans, known for ‘jointed legs’.
What is Echinodermata?
Phylum that includes ‘spiny skinned’ invertebrates.
What is Chordata?
Phylum that includes all vertebrates.
What are the three types of animal symmetry?
Asymmetrical, radial, and bilateral.
What does it mean for an organism to be bilaterally symmetrical?
It has a true ‘head’ and ‘tail’ region, with anterior, posterior, ventral, and dorsal body regions.
What is cephalization?
The development of a more complex nervous system in the head region.
What are the three embryological tissue layers?
Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm.
What is an acoelomate?
An animal with ‘no body cavity’, e.g., Platyhelminthes.
What is a pseudocoelomate?
An animal with a ‘false body cavity’, e.g., Nematoda.
What is a coelomate?
An animal with a ‘true body cavity’, e.g., Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Chordata.
What are protostomes?
Animals where the blastopore develops into a mouth.
What are deuterostomes?
Animals where the blastopore develops into an anus.
What is the difference between protostomes and deuterostomes?
In protostomes, the mouth forms first; in deuterostomes, the mouth forms second.
Which phyla are classified as protostomes?
Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda.
Which phyla are classified as deuterostomes?
Echinodermata, Chordata.
Are humans more closely related to insects or sea urchins?
Sea urchins.
What does the ectoderm develop into?
The ectoderm develops into epidermal tissue and the nervous system
What does the mesoderm develop into?
The mesoderm develops into the skeletal, muscular, excretory, circulatory and reproductive systems
What does the endoderm develop into?
develops into the entire digestive tract (including liver and pancreas). and respiratory system
Why are the Porifera and Cnidaria not in any of the coelomate sections?
porifera and cnidaria are not included here because poriferans do not contain any of the 3. embryological tissues, and cnidarians only contain endoderm and ectoderm, but no mesoderm
What type of animals are able to classified as either protostome or deuterostome
The coelomates are able to be subdivided into protostomes and deuterostomes (annelida, mollusca,
arthropoda, echinodermata, chordata)
