Kingdom Animalia: Key Characteristics of Phyla Flashcards
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Porifera?
Fibrous, glassy skeleton that has pores for filtering food.
Body wall has two layers supported by spicules
Adults are usually connected to a solid object (i.e. Rock)
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Cnidaria?
Multicellular organisms; have a blind gut; stinging cells; two possible body shapes (medusa/polyp)
Name the 3 worm phyla.
Ph. Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
Ph. Nematoda (roundworms)
Ph. Annelida (segmented worms)
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Platyhelminthes?
flatworms; unsegmented bodies; blind gut; can be free living or parasitic
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Nematoda?
roundworms (cylindrical, unsegmented body); one way gut; occur in almost every environment; can be free living or parasitic
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Annelida?
Segmented worms; one way gut; bodies with repeating, regular segments
Name the 3 Arthropod Phyla.
Ph. Crustacea
Ph. Chelicerata
Ph. Uniramia
*The Arthropods all have exoskeletons and have jointed appendages.
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Crustacea?
2 pairs of antennae; one way gut; dorsal gut & circulatory system; ventral nerve chord
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Chelicerata?
8 legs; no antennae; two body segments (cephalothorax and abdomen)
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Uniramia?
One pair of antennae, can be divided into insects, centipedes, and millipedes (insects have 6 legs and 3 segments; centipedes have many segments with one pair of legs per segment; millipedes have many segments with two pairs or legs per segment)
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Mollusca?
Soft, unsegmented body; single muscular foot covered by mantle
Slugs- no skeleton
Snails- exoskeleton
Cuttlefish- endoskeleton
Characteristics of animals belonging to Phylum Echinodermata?
Echino: spiky; derma: skin
Thin, spiny skin covering endoskeleton; have water filled tube feet for locomotion and feeding
Name the three classes of fish (Ph. Chordata, Sub-Ph. Vertebrata) and give examples of each.
Class:
Agnatha (lamprey, hagfish)
Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, skates)
Osteichthyes (any other fish)
Name some other classes of Ph. Chordata and give examples of each.
Class:
Amphibia (frogs, toads, salamander, axolotl)
Reptilia (crocodiles, turtles, snakes, lizards)
Aves (all birds)
Mammalia (all mammals)
What were the first animals on Earth?
Sponges
Name the subclasses of Class Mammalia and state briefly their characteristics, with examples of each.
Subclass:
Monotremata: lay eggs (platypus, echidna)
Marsupialia: young are born as embryos & develop inside female’s pouch (kangaroo, bandicoot, possum)
Placentals: unborn are nourished inside the female by placenta (humans, cats, dogs; any other mammal)
Characteristics of amphibians?
- skin with no scales
- jelly-like cover on eggs
- adults have lungs, but juveniles have gills
- ectothermic
Characteristics of reptiles?
- dry, scaly skin
- most lay eggs with a leathery shell
- have lungs
- ectothermic
Characteristics of birds?
- feathers instead or hair or fur
- toothless jaws
- scales on their feet
- endothermic
- have lungs
Contrast arthropods with chordates.
Arthropods have exoskeletons; chordates have endoskeletons
Arthropods have dorsal guts (stomach/intestines) & circulatory systems and ventral nerve chords - contrary to chordates