Kingdom Animalia

Question 1

Describe the features of phylum Cnidaria

Answer 1

⭕️ Radially symmetrical - respond to its environment through 360°
⭕️ Gut cavity (enteron) is sac-like - one entrance - mouth
⭕️ tentacles with stinging cells (cnidicysts) - catch food
⭕️ hydrostatic skeleton formed by fluid filled enteron - supports body
⭕️ movement limited

Question 2

What phylum do anemones, jellyfish, corals and freshwater hydra belong to

Answer 2

Phylum Cnidaria

Question 3

Describe the body features of phylum Platyhelminthes

Answer 3

⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical - move forward in search of food - front head
⭕️ Dorso-ventrally flattened - large sa to volume ratio
⭕️ gut only single opening
⭕️ gut highly branched - no cell far from gut to permeable body surface - lack circulatory system
⭕️ supported by aqueous medium - well-packed cells also provide supportive role

Question 4

Describe the body features of something from the phylum Annelida

Answer 4

⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical - round in transverse section
⭕️ through (one-way) gut - mouth and anus
⭕️ one way gut allows for regional specialisation
⭕️ blood circulatory system - distribution of gases and food molecules - gas exchange over moist surface
⭕️ supported by hydrostatic skeleton
⭕️ locomotion relies on muscles acting on hydrostatic skeleton aided by chaetae

Question 5

What phylum do insects belong to

Answer 5

Phylum Arthropoda

Question 6

Describe the body features of an insect from the phylum Arthropoda

Answer 6

⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical
⭕️ one way gut - mouth and anus - regional specialisation
⭕️ metamerically segmented
⭕️ rigid exoskeleton of chitin - protection, water retention, support
⭕️ muscles attached internally to exoskeleton- jointed limbs and wings for flight
⭕️ exoskeleton limits size - creates need for specialised gas exchange surfaces
⭕️ exoskeleton covered in waxy water-resistant cuticle - reduce desiccation

Question 7

What phylum do vertebrates belong to

Answer 7

Phylum Chordata

Question 8

Describe the body features of the phylum Chordata

Answer 8

⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical 
⭕️ metamerically segmented
⭕️ one way gut
⭕️ regional specialisation 
⭕️ vertebral (spinal) column
⭕️ endoskeleton - internal jointed system of calcified bones to which muscles for locomotion attach externally

Question 9

Describe 3 evolutionary trends in the kingdom Animalia

Answer 9

⭕️ radial symmetry to bilateral symmetry - allows directional movement
⭕️ sac like gut cavity to through gut - more efficient feeding and digestion
⭕️ development of internal blood transport system and inclusion of rigid skeleton and possession of impermeable outer covering

Question 10

What phylum do flatworms belong to

Answer 10

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Question 11

What phylum do segmented worms belong to

Answer 11

Phylum Annelida