Kingdom Animalia Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the features of phylum Cnidaria

A

⭕️ Radially symmetrical - respond to its environment through 360°
⭕️ Gut cavity (enteron) is sac-like - one entrance - mouth
⭕️ tentacles with stinging cells (cnidicysts) - catch food
⭕️ hydrostatic skeleton formed by fluid filled enteron - supports body
⭕️ movement limited

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2
Q

What phylum do anemones, jellyfish, corals and freshwater hydra belong to

A

Phylum Cnidaria

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3
Q

Describe the body features of phylum Platyhelminthes

A

⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical - move forward in search of food - front head
⭕️ Dorso-ventrally flattened - large sa to volume ratio
⭕️ gut only single opening
⭕️ gut highly branched - no cell far from gut to permeable body surface - lack circulatory system
⭕️ supported by aqueous medium - well-packed cells also provide supportive role

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4
Q

Describe the body features of something from the phylum Annelida

A

⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical - round in transverse section
⭕️ through (one-way) gut - mouth and anus
⭕️ one way gut allows for regional specialisation
⭕️ blood circulatory system - distribution of gases and food molecules - gas exchange over moist surface
⭕️ supported by hydrostatic skeleton
⭕️ locomotion relies on muscles acting on hydrostatic skeleton aided by chaetae

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5
Q

What phylum do insects belong to

A

Phylum Arthropoda

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6
Q

Describe the body features of an insect from the phylum Arthropoda

A

⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical
⭕️ one way gut - mouth and anus - regional specialisation
⭕️ metamerically segmented
⭕️ rigid exoskeleton of chitin - protection, water retention, support
⭕️ muscles attached internally to exoskeleton- jointed limbs and wings for flight
⭕️ exoskeleton limits size - creates need for specialised gas exchange surfaces
⭕️ exoskeleton covered in waxy water-resistant cuticle - reduce desiccation

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7
Q

What phylum do vertebrates belong to

A

Phylum Chordata

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8
Q

Describe the body features of the phylum Chordata

A
⭕️ bilaterally symmetrical 
⭕️ metamerically segmented
⭕️ one way gut
⭕️ regional specialisation 
⭕️ vertebral (spinal) column
⭕️ endoskeleton - internal jointed system of calcified bones to which muscles for locomotion attach externally
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9
Q

Describe 3 evolutionary trends in the kingdom Animalia

A

⭕️ radial symmetry to bilateral symmetry - allows directional movement
⭕️ sac like gut cavity to through gut - more efficient feeding and digestion
⭕️ development of internal blood transport system and inclusion of rigid skeleton and possession of impermeable outer covering

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10
Q

What phylum do flatworms belong to

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes

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11
Q

What phylum do segmented worms belong to

A

Phylum Annelida

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