Kinetics Flashcards
What is the rate of a reaction?
The change in the amount of product or reactant over time
What does collision theory state that particles must do in order to react?
Particles must collide in the right direction (at the right angle) with at least the minimum activation energy required
Why must particles react at a certain angle?
So that the parts that need to collide are closer
What is the activation energy?
The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur or for a successful collision. It is usually the energy needed to break the relevant bonds in the reactant.
Why do most collisions between particles not lead to a reaction?
Because they do not have the sufficient energy
What is enthalpy?
The total energy content of the reacting materials
What is enthalpy change?
The energy exchange that takes place with the surroundings at a constant pressure
What is the symbol for enthalpy change?
Delta H
What is the transition state?
The point at which the reactant is no longer a reactant but isn’t yet a product
Is the enthalpy change for an exothermic reaction positive or negative?
Negative
Is the enthalpy change for an endothermic reaction positive or negative?
Positive
How does a catalyst affect the activation energy of a reaction?
It lowers the activation energy by providing an alternate reaction pathway
What is the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?
A plot of the number of gaseous molecules against the energy they have at a fixed temperature
What are elastic reactions?
Reactions where energy isnt lost
What does Emp on the MBD mean?
The most probable energy which is the most frequently occurring energy observed.