kineticka teorie latek…… Flashcards

1
Q

3 experimentalne overene poznatky:

A

latky vsech skupenstvi se stavaji z castic
castice v latkach jsou v neustalem neusporadanem pohybu
castice na sebe navzajem pusobi silami

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2
Q

jaka je struktura kazde latky

A

nespojita (=diskretni)

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3
Q

jake jsou typy pohybu

A

posuvny, otacivy, kmitavy

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4
Q

dukazy pohybu castic:

A

difuze
brownuv pohyb
osmoza
tlak plynu

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5
Q

vysvetli difuzi

A

samovolne pronikani castic jedne latky do druhe
(caj, vonavka)

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6
Q

vysvetli osmozu

A

jako difuze ale kapaliny jsou oddeleny polopropustnou memebranou

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7
Q

co se deje s tlakem plynu v souvislosti s neusporadanym neustalym pohybem

A

je vyvolany narazy molekul do steny nadoby
roste s teplotou

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8
Q

vysvetli brownuv pohyb

A

pylova zrna ve vode
brown provedl pokus, einstein popsal

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9
Q

jake jsou sily kterymi na sebe navzajem pusobi castice

A

pri mensjch vzdalenostech odpudive, pri vetsich pritazlive

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10
Q

model plynne latky
(4 info)

A

male pritazlive sily
nemaji strukturu
nejmene castic
kineticka energie je vyssi nez potencialni

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11
Q

model pevne latky
(4info)

A

nejvice castic
ma strukturu
silne pritazlive sily
potencialni e. vyssi nez kineticka

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12
Q

jake sjou struktuy pevne latky

A

amorfni - nepravidelne usporadani castic (cokolada, vosk, asfalt, sklo)
krystalicke - pravidelne usporadani castic

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13
Q

model kapaliny
(5info)

A

stredni mnozstvi castic
nemaji strukturu (tvar podle nadoby)
temer nestlacitelne, tekute
molekuly po sobe klouzou
kineticka pribkezne stejne jako potencialni

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14
Q

model: plazma
(3info)

A

soustava elektricky nabitych castic (ionty a volne elektrony) a neutralnich castic ( atomy, molekuly)
umele plazma vznika pri elektrickych vybojich v plynech
slunce, hvezdy, blesk, ohen

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