Kinetic Particle Theory

Question 0

Describe the arrangement of particles in liquids.

Answer 0

1. Irregular arrangement. (No fixed shape)
2. Loosely packed, cannot come closer(cannot be compressed)
3. Some attractive forces between them, not as strong as solid(fixed volume)
4. Particles vibrate, rotate, move freely, keeping contact with each other

Question 1

Deceive the particles in a solid.

Answer 1

1. Regular arrangement.
2. Closely packed, cannot come close(cannot be compressed).
3. Strong attractive forces between them.
4. Vibrate at fixed positions.

Question 2

Describe the arrangement of particles in gases.

Answer 2

1. Irregular arrangement. (No fixed shape)
2. Spread far apart, have space come closer each other(can be compressed)
3. Negligible attractive forces between them. (No fixed volume)
4. Vibrate, rotate, move with no restrictions(high speeds)

Question 3

Describe the process of melting.

Answer 3

1. Solid particles gain energy, vibrate more vigorously.
2. Gain enough energy to weaken attractive forces between particles, break free from regular arrangement
3. Able to move freely within liquid.

Question 4

Describe the process of boiling.

Answer 4

1. Liquid particles gain energy, move about more quickly.
2. Gain enough energy weaken attractive forces holding LP together.
3. Leave liquid, able to move freely with no constraints.

Question 5

Describe the process of freezing.

Answer 5

1. LP lose energy, move about less quickly.
2. Lack energy move freely within liquid, begin vibrate in fixed positions
3. Stronger attractive forces are formed between particles.

Question 6

Describe the process of condensation.

Answer 6

1. Gas particles lose energy, move about less quickly.
2. Lack enough energy move freely with no constraint, begin move closer to each other.
3. Stronger attractive forces formed between particles.

Question 7

Why does diffusion occur mainly in liquids and gases?

Answer 7

Particles are free to move/ not held in fixed positions.

Question 8

What is the rate of diffusion affected by?

Answer 8

1. Mass of particle
   - smaller the mass, faster particle can diffuse.
2. Temperature
   - higher the temp, faster the rate

Question 9

Solids may not be compressed because?

Answer 9

The particles are closely packed.