Acids Flashcards
What can be inferred from the formulas of acids?
They are covalent compound that contain at least one hydrogen atom in the compound.
What information can be derived from the pH scale?
- All acids have a pH lower than 7.
2. Some acids are weaker than others hence they will show a higher pH than acids that a stronger.
What is an acid?
It is a substance that produces hydrogen ions in water.
What condition is needed for acids to show their properties?
Acid must dissolve in water as hydrogen ions are only produced when acids dissolve in water. Hydrogen ion are responsible for acidity of the solutions.
What are chemical properties of acids?
They are colorless aqueous solutions that taste sour and acts as electrolyte hence they can conduct electricity.
What are physical properties of acids?
- They cause indicators to change colors and they react with bases, reactive metals and metal carbonates.
- Turn damp litmus paper from blue to red.
- Turn methyl orange from orange to red.
Why can’t phenolphthalein be used to determine if an aqueous solution is an acid?
It reminds colorless in an acid.
What is a neutralization reaction?
Reaction where acid reacts with base(metal oxide or metal hydroxide) to form a salt and water only.
How does an acid react with a reactive metal?
Reacts with reactive metal to form a salt and hydrogen gas.
How does an acid react with a metal carbonate?
Reacts with metal carbonate to form a salt, carbon dioxide water.
What is a strong acid?
An acid that ionises completely in water to form hydrogen ions.
Eg. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
What is a weak acid?
An acid that ionizes partially in water to form hydrogen ions
Eg. Carbonic acid, citric acid, ethanoic acid and all organic acids.
What is the basicity of an acid?
Refers to number of moles if hydrogen ions produced in water when one mole of acid dissolves in water. Eg H2SO4 is dibasic, HCI is mobobasic.
How is an acid salt different from a normal salt?
Acid salt is salt that contains hydrogen atoms that can be ionized in water to form hydrogen ions eg. NaH2PO4 whole normal salt does not contain any hydrogen atoms that can ionize in water to form hydrogen ions.
