Kinetic Particle Theory

Question 1

Describe a particle in solid state

Answer 1

-closely packed & orderly arranged
-vibrate about in fixed positions
-very low kinetic energy
-very strong forces of attraction between particles

Question 2

Describe a particle in liquid state

Answer 2

-Closely packed & disorderly arranged
-particles slide over one another
-low kinetic energy between particles
-strong forces of attraction between particles

Question 3

Describe a particle in gaseous state

Answer 3

-far apart & disorderly arranged
-moves about freely at high speeds in all directions
-high kinetic energy between particles
-weak forces of attraction between particles

Question 4

Explain what happens when substance X with a melting point of 37 C heats from 10-40C
In terms of the kinetic particle theory

Answer 4

Heating from 10 to 37C,
-particles gain heat from the surroundings
-Thermal energy is converted to kinetic energy of the particles
-particles vibrate about in their fixed positions
At melting point 37C,
-substance X melts
-particles with increased energy can overcome the forces of attraction in solid state
Heating to 40*C,
-all the particles in solid X has melted
-particles in substance X continue to gain heat

Question 5

Explain in terms of kinetic particle theory, condensation of substance Y with a boiling point of 343C, cooling from 400-300C

Answer 5

Cooling to 343C,
-particles loses heat to the surroundings
-kinetic energy of the particles is converted to thermal energy
-particles move about freely in high speeds in all directions
At boiling point 343C,
-substance y condenses
-particles with decreased energy form forces of attraction, which pulls particles closer together, in liquid state.
-particles moving about freely is disrupted and become closely packed and disorderly arranged and are able to slide past one another.