Kinetic Molecular Theory Flashcards
Particles
a minute portion of matter.
Pure substance
is a form of matter that has a constant composition and properties that are constant throughout the sample
temperature
the average kinetic energy of the particles of matter. When particles of matter move more quickly, they have more kinetic energy, so their temperature is higher
solid
The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy
liquid
one of the states of matter. The particles in a liquid are free to flow, so while a liquid has a definite volume, it does not have a definite shape.
Gas
A gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter consisting of particles that have neither a defined volume nor shape.
Phase change
a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition
Thermal Energy
is produced when a rise in temperature causes atoms and molecules to move faster and collide with each other. The energy that comes from the temperature of the heated substance is called thermal energy
kinetic energy
the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion
absolute zero
the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible, at which the motion of particles that constitutes heat would be minimal. It is zero on the Kelvin scale, equivalent to –273.15°C or –459.67°F.