kinesiology exam 1 Flashcards
DB shrugs:muscles and action
Levator scapulae
, downward rotation, elevation
Upward rotators
trap (upper)
Serratus anterior
Levator scapulae orgin and insertion
Orgin: Transverse proccess of upper four cervical vertbrae
Insertion: Medial border of scapulae above spine
rhomboids
retractiobn
Trapezies orgin and insertion
Orgin: Base of skull
Insertion: Acromion process, spine of scapulae, posterior and lateral clavicle
Rhomboids orgin and insertion
orgin: spinous process of c7-t5
Insertion: medial border of scapulae
Serratus
orgin: ribs 1-9
insertion: anteral aspect of medial border of scapulae
pectoralis orgin and insertion
orgin: surface of ribs 3-5
Insertion: corociod process of scapulae
Anterior
front
posterior
back/ behind
Inferior
below
superior
above
proximal
nearest trunk
distal
away from trunk
lateral
further from midline
medial
closer to midline
flexion
bending movement that results in a downward angle of joint movement
circumduction
Circular movement of a limb (not a fundamental movement)
Action
specific movement of a joint resulting from a concentric contraction of a muscle which crosses joint
ex: flex elbow, supinate forearm
orgin
closest to midline
insertion
further from midline
3 roles of muscles
cause, control, prevent movement
isometric contraction
tension is developed within muscle but joint angles remain constant
static contractions
isotonic contraction
involve muscle developing tension to either cause or control joint movement
dynamic contractions
the varying degrees of tension in muscles result in joint angles changing
Isotonic contractions are either concentric or eccentric
Concentric contraction
causing movements
involve muscle developing tension as it shortens
Ecentric
controls movement
Eccentric contractions involve the muscle lengthening under tension
Agonist muscles
cause joint motion through a plane when contracting concentrically
atagonist
on opposite side of joint from agonist
have the opposite concentric action from agonists
work with agonist muscles by relaxing & allowing movement
Stabilizers
contract to stabilize the area to enable another limb or body segment to exert force & move
Synergist
assist in action of agonists
not necessarily prime movers for the action
known as guiding muscles
how many muscles do we have
six. 4 i one plane 2 in the transverse plane
shoulder girdle movements
elevation, depression, protract, retract, upward rotation, downward rotation
types of contraction
isotonic, isometric
protracters and retractors what plane?
transverse plane
upward and downward rotation what plane?
frontal plane
Two primary roles of SG Joints?
Contract to maintain scapula in a relatively static position (stabilize base) during shoulder joint actions
Contract to move SG & when shoulder joint goes through extreme ranges of motion
Levator scapulae action?
Elevation, downward rotation, upper rotation
Exercises: standing Dumbbell shrugs,
Trapezeis
Eleavtion (upper)
Retractors (mid)
Upper rotation (upper and lower)
downward rotation (lower)
Rhomboids action
Retraction, downward rotation, elevation
Exercise: RING ROW SHRUGS
Serratus anterior action
protraction, upper rotation, and depression
exercise: push up shrugs, dip shrugs
Pec minor actions
depression. protraction, downward rotation,
exrcises: push up shrugs, dip shrugs
downward roataters
rhomboids
pec minor
levator scapulae
elevators
trap (upper)
Levator
rhomboids
depressors
trap (lower)
pec minor
serratus
protractors
pec minor
serratus
retractors
trap (mid)
rhomboids
Dip shrugs: Muscles and action
Trap (lower)
Depression
Retraction
Elevation
Ring row shrugs: muscles and action
Rhomboids
Retraction
trap (mid)
downward rotation
elevation
push up shrugs; muscles and action
Protraction
downward rotation
upward rotation
depression
pec minor
serratus
