Kinematics & Energy Flashcards
What is kinematics?
Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that describes the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion.
True or False: Kinematics only deals with the forces acting on an object.
False
Fill in the blank: The three main quantities in kinematics are ______, ______, and ______.
displacement, velocity, acceleration
What is displacement?
Displacement is the change in position of an object, defined as the shortest distance from the initial to the final position.
Which of the following represents average velocity? A) Total distance / Total time B) Change in position / Change in time C) Initial velocity + Final velocity / 2
B) Change in position / Change in time
What is the formula for calculating acceleration?
Acceleration is calculated as the change in velocity divided by the time taken.
True or False: Velocity is a scalar quantity.
False
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object is moving, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.
Fill in the blank: The unit of acceleration in the SI system is ______.
meters per second squared (m/s²)
What does a velocity-time graph represent?
A velocity-time graph represents the relationship between an object’s velocity and the time elapsed.
What is the area under a velocity-time graph equal to?
The area under a velocity-time graph is equal to the displacement of the object.
What is uniform motion?
Uniform motion is motion at a constant speed in a straight line.
True or False: An object can have a constant speed but an accelerating velocity.
True
What is the formula for calculating displacement in uniformly accelerated motion?
Displacement (s) = Initial velocity (u) × time (t) + 0.5 × acceleration (a) × time² (t²)
What is instantaneous velocity?
Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific moment in time.
Fill in the blank: The term ‘free fall’ refers to the motion of an object under the influence of ______ only.
gravity
What is the acceleration due to gravity near the Earth’s surface?
The acceleration due to gravity near the Earth’s surface is approximately 9.81 m/s².
Which equation relates initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration, and time?
Final velocity (v) = Initial velocity (u) + acceleration (a) × time (t)
What is a projectile?
A projectile is an object that is thrown into the air with an initial velocity and is subject to the force of gravity.
True or False: In projectile motion, the horizontal and vertical motions are independent of each other.
True
What is the maximum height of a projectile dependent on?
The maximum height of a projectile is dependent on its initial velocity and the angle of launch.
Fill in the blank: The vertical motion of a projectile is affected by ______.
gravity
What is the formula for finding the range of a projectile launched at an angle?
Range (R) = (Initial velocity² × sin(2θ)) / g, where θ is the launch angle and g is acceleration due to gravity.
What does the term ‘relative motion’ refer to?
Relative motion refers to the calculation of the motion of an object as observed from a particular reference frame.
True or False: All motion is relative.
True
What is the formula for calculating final velocity in uniformly accelerated motion?
The formula is v = u + at, where v is final velocity, u is initial velocity, a is acceleration, and t is time.
True or False: The formula s = ut + 1/2 at² calculates the distance traveled under constant acceleration.
True
Fill in the blank: In the equation v² = u² + 2as, ‘s’ represents _______.
displacement
What does ‘u’ represent in the kinematic equations?
Initial velocity
Which kinematic equation would you use to find the displacement when time is not known?
v² = u² + 2as
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a kinematic equation? A) v = u + at B) s = vt C) s = ut + 1/2 at² D) v² = u² + 2as
B) s = vt
What is the relationship between acceleration and velocity in kinematics?
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
True or False: In free fall, the only force acting on an object is gravity.
True
Fill in the blank: The term ‘a’ in the kinematic equations stands for _______.
acceleration
What is the value of acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
Approximately 9.81 m/s²
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = 1/2 mv^2
True or False: Potential energy depends on the position of an object.
True
Fill in the blank: The unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI) is ______.
Joule
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
PE = mgh
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a form of mechanical energy? A) Thermal B) Chemical C) Kinetic D) Nuclear
C) Kinetic
What does the symbol ‘m’ represent in the kinetic energy formula?
Mass of the object
True or False: Energy can be created and destroyed.
False
What is the principle of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
Fill in the blank: The energy stored in an object due to its height is called ______ energy.
Potential
What is the formula for elastic potential energy?
PE = 1/2 kx^2
Multiple choice: Which energy form is associated with motion? A) Potential B) Kinetic C) Thermal D) Chemical
B) Kinetic
What does ‘g’ represent in the gravitational potential energy formula?
Acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s² on Earth)
True or False: Work is done when a force causes an object to move.
True
What is the formula for work done?
W = Fd cos(θ)
Fill in the blank: The total mechanical energy is the sum of ______ energy and ______ energy.
Kinetic; Potential
Multiple choice: Which law states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant? A) Law of Thermodynamics B) Law of Conservation of Mass C) Law of Conservation of Energy D) Law of Motion
C) Law of Conservation of Energy
What is the formula for power in terms of work done?
P = W/t
True or False: Power is the rate at which work is done.
True
What is the unit of power in the International System of Units (SI)?
Watt
Fill in the blank: When energy is transformed into heat, it is often referred to as ______ energy.
Thermal
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a form of energy? A) Light B) Sound C) Time D) Chemical
C) Time
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy at a height ‘h’?
PE = mgh
True or False: An object at rest has kinetic energy.
False
What is the relationship between kinetic energy and speed?
Kinetic energy increases with the square of the speed.
Fill in the blank: The energy of an object due to its motion is called ______ energy.
Kinetic
Multiple choice: Which type of energy is stored in a compressed spring? A) Kinetic B) Gravitational C) Elastic D) Thermal
C) Elastic
