Kin 409 Final exam Flashcards
5 big trend in youth sports
Privatization Evaluation by Progress Elite Specialization Programs Increased Adult Involvement Alternative Sports
year of ADA
1990
Why athletes use religion in sport
- Justify commitment to high performance.
- Reduce pressure and uncertainty.
- Enhance bonds between teammates.
- Guide moral decision making.
who is more aggressive between males and females
males
Socialist society:
Teamwork, Fitness, Friendship
Capitalist
Completion, hard work, winning
Aggression
Any form of behavior directed toward the goal of harming or injuring another living being who is motivated to avoid such treatment
Hostile or reactive aggression
The primary goal is to inflict injury or psychological harm on another.
Instrumental aggression
Occurring in the quest of some nonaggressive goal.
Spectator aggression is associated with
small-scale, on-the-field aggressive acts;
aroused conditions;
alcohol use;
younger, disadvantaged male spectators; and
(in some cases) fan enjoyment
Instinct theory
People have an instinct to be aggressive, which builds up until it must be expressed (directly or via catharsis).
Frustration–aggression hypothesis
Aggression is the direct result of a frustration that occurs because of goal blockage or failure.
Social Learning Theory
Aggression is learned through observing others (modeling) and then having similar behavior reinforced
Revised frustration–aggression theory
Combines elements of frustration–aggression theory with social learning theory.
General aggression model
Aggression occurs as a result of a complex process mediated by one’s thoughts, feelings, and emotions and resulting from the interaction of numerous personal and situational factors.
Game reasoning and aggression
Many athletes view aggression as inappropriate in general but appropriate in the sport environment. This is called bracketed morality.
why athletes feel they need to be aggressive
someone has committed aggression against them,
they are highly ego-oriented and have a low level of moral development,
they want to show how tough they are,
they see it as part of their role, and
they feel group pressures to be aggressive.
Main Roles of government in sport
Governments tap into the popularity of sports
Governments possess and control resources that few individuals possess
Government takes a socio-cultural responsibility for activities outside the private sector
