Kidneys, Posterior abdominal wall and Diaphragm

Question 1

perinephrenic abscess

Answer 1

abscess on the attachment of the renal fascia
at the renal hilum
rarely goes to the contralateral side

Question 2

renal transplantation

Answer 2

occurs with chronic renal failure
transplanted kidney is in the iliac fossa of the greater pelvis
renal artery and vein are joined to the adjacent external iliac artery and vein and the ureter is sutured into the nearby urinary bladder

Question 3

accessory renal vessels

Answer 3

failure of inferior vessels to degenerate from embryonic kidneys can result in this

Question 4

renal and ureteric calculi

Answer 4

causes excessive distension of the ureter owing to a renal calculus scauses severe intermittent pain, ureteric colic , and is usually forced down the ureter by waves of contraction
Pain supplied by the ureter by T11-12

Question 5

rupture of the diaphragm and herniation of viscera

Answer 5

increases in intrathoracic/ intra-abdominal pressure result in this
rupture is more common on the left side

Question 6

congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 6

part of the stomach and intestine herniate through a large posterolateral defect in the region of the lumbocostal triangle of the diaphragm

Question 7

psoas abscess

Answer 7

results from tuberculosis in the lumbar region that tends to spread from the vertebrae into the psoas sheath, where it produces a psoas abscess

Question 8

posterior abdominal pain

Answer 8

intra-abdominal infection involving structures close to iliopsoas causes pain on moving the iliopsoas

Question 9

abdominal aortic aneurysm

Answer 9

rupture of an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta causes severe pain in the abdomen or back
mortality rate of 90% if unrecognized

Question 10

ureteric calculi

Answer 10

stones in the ureter causeing complete or intermittent obstruction of urinary flow
removed by open surgery, endoscopy, or lithotripsy