Kidneys

Question 1

Renal cortex enhances before renal medulla

Answer 1

Corticomedullary phase

Question 2

Approx 120 secs, renal parenchyma is unifromly enhanced

Answer 2

Nephrogram phase

Question 3

3-5 mins shows contrast filling of the collecting system and ureters

Answer 3

Pyelogram phase

Question 4

Associated with genital anomalies in females

Answer 4

Renal agenesis

Question 5

Mc renal fusion anomaly

Answer 5

Horseshoe kidney

Question 6

Best prognosis

Answer 6

Chromophobe tumors

Question 7

Tumor evaluation and staging method of choice

Answer 7

MDVT without and with contrast

Question 8

Benign mesenchymal tumor compaed of varying amounts of fat, smooth muscle and abnormal blood vessels

Answer 8

Angiomyolipoma

Question 9

Benign tumor composed of eosinophilic cells called oncocytes

Answer 9

Oncocytoma

Stellate central scar

Question 10

Mc renal mass

Answer 10

Simple renal cyst

Question 11

Bosniak cat 1

Answer 11

Simple cysts

Question 12

Bosniak 2

Answer 12

Benign
Thin septations no more than 1-2mm
Thin calcifications
High density cysts

Question 13

Bosniak 3

Answer 13

Indeterminate. Benign or malignant
Should be treated sugically
Thick, irregular calcifications
Irregular margins
Thick or enhancing septa
Nodularoty, thick wall and multilocular mass

Question 14

Bosniak 2F

Answer 14

Likely benign
Thick or nodular calcification in the wall of septa
Ff-up 3,6,12 months

Question 15

Focal renal mass with thick wall is the most common appearance

Answer 15

Renla abscess

Question 16

Benign neoplasm consisting of a cluster of non communicating cysts of varying sizes separated by connective tissue septations of varying thickness

Answer 16

Multilocular cystic nephroma/ mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (MEST)

Question 17

Manifests clinicaly later in life
Multiple noncommunicating cysts of varying size
Cysts in the liver, pancreas and other organs

Answer 17

Autosomal dominant polycystic disease

Question 18

Presents in the neonate and detectable in the fetus
Symmetrical cysts
Marked enlargement of the kidneys

Answer 18

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney

Question 19

Dysplastic dilatation of the collecting tubules in the pappila

Answer 19

Medullary sponge kidney

Question 20

Diagnosed inutero or at birth
Classic multicystic dysplastic kidney appears as a mass of noncommunicating cysts of varying sizes
Kidney progressively atrophies

Answer 20

Multicystic dysplastic kidney

Question 21

Renal avms and avfs

Answer 21

75% acquired

Question 22

Acute pyelonephritis usually result of

Answer 22

Ascending urinary tract infection

E coli

Question 23

Destructive granulomatous process that may diffusely involve an obstructive kidney or present as a focal renal mass
An obstructing stone often staghorn calculi is present

Chronically infected with proteus mirabilis

Answer 23

Canthohranulomatous pyelonephritis

Question 24

Most frequent site of extrapulmonary tb

Answer 24

Urinaru tract

Question 25

Causes of medullary nephrocalcinosis

Answer 25

Hyperparathyroidism
Medullary sponge kodney
Renal tubular acidosis
Milk alkali syndrome
Hypervitaminosus D
Hypercalcemic/hypercalciuric states