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Filtration, Excretion > Kidneys > Flashcards

Kidneys Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma K+ concentration

A

4mEq/L

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2
Q

Urine [K+]

A

20-70 mEq/L

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3
Q

Plasma [Urea]

A

10 mEq/L

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4
Q

Urine [Urea]

A

300 mEq/L

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5
Q

Plasma [Creatinine]

A

0.001 mEq/L

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6
Q

Urine [Creatinine]

A

10 mEq/L

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7
Q

Is glucose expelled in urine?

A

No

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8
Q 
Parts of the nephron, in order
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A

1) Bowman’s capsule
2) Proximal tubule
3) Descending limb
4) Loop of Henle
5) Ascending limb
6) Distal tubule
7) Collecting duct

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9
Q

What occurs between the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule?

A

Filtration

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10
Q

Which blood vessels run beside the tubules?

A

Peritubular capillaries

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11
Q

Where does reabsorption occur?

A

Between tubule and peitubular capillaries

Proximal tubule
Descending, ascending limbs
Distal tubule
Collecting duct

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12
Q

Where does secretion occur?

A

From peritubular capillaries to tubule

Proximal tubule
Distal tubule
Collecting duct

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13
Q

What determines the amount of solute excreted?

A

Amount filtered - amount reabsorbed + amount secreted

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14
Q

What structure gives rise to peritubular capillaries?

A

Efferent arteriole

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15
Q

What do the peritubular capillaries become?

A

Renal vein

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16
Q

What is secreted?

A

K+

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17
Q 
What is filtered?
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2
3
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6
7
8
A

1) Na
2) Water
3) K
4) Ca
5) PO4
6) Glucose
7) Creatinine
8) Urea

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18
Q

Where does water reabsorption occur?

A

Descending limb

Collecting duct

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19
Q

Where does Na reabsorption occur?

A

Ascending limb

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20
Q 
What is reabsorbed?
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2
3
4
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6
7
A

1) Water
2) Na
3) K
4) ca
5) PO4
6) Glucose
7) Urea

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21
Q

Water excretion

A

1%

22
Q

Na excretion

A

0.5%

23
Q

K excretion

A

10%

24
Q

Ca excretion

A

2%

25
Q

PO4 excretion

A

20%

26
Q

Glucose excretion

A

0%

27
Q

Creatinine excretion

A

100%

28
Q

Urea excretion

A

50%

29
Q

What is filtration?

A

Movement of plasma and solutes from the glomerulus into Bowman’s capsule

30
Q

What is reabsorption?

A

Movement of water and solutes from the lumen into the peritubular capillaries

Can be active or passive

31
Q

What is secretion?

A

Active transport of solutes from the peritubular capillaries into the renal lumen

32
Q

What is Bowman’s capsule made up of?

A

Capsular epithelium

33
Q

What is wrapped around glomerular capillaries?

A

Podocytes

34
Q

What do podocytes wrap around?

A

Glomerular capillaries

35
Q

Which structure is in contact with the afferent and efferent arterioles?

A

Ascending limb of loop of Henle

36
Q

Function of podocytes

A

Foot processes surround each capillary

Leave gaps where filtration can take place

37
Q

What binds together glomerular capillaries?

A

Mesangial cells

38
Q

What do solutes move through in filtration?
1
2

A

1) Endothelial pores

2) Between podocyte foot processes

39
Q

Volume of plasma filtered through glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

A

20%

40
Q

Amount of plasma reabsorbed from nephron

A

<19% (20% of plasma was filtered)

41
Q

Amount of filtered plasma excreted

A

1%

42
Q

Ph

A

Hydrostatic pressure

43
Q

Pi

A

Colloid osmotic pressure

44
Q

Pfluid

A

Pressure created by fluid in Bowman’s capsule

45
Q

Net filtration pressure

A

Hydrostatic pressure - colloid osmotic pressure - Fluid pressure in Bowman’s capsule

Ph - Pi - Pfluid

46
Q

Does hydrostatic pressure promote or inhibit filtration?

A

Promote

47
Q

Pressure of hydrostatic pressure

A

+55mmHg (into Bowman’s capsule)

48
Q

Does colloid osmotic pressure promote or inhibit filtration?

A

INhibit

49
Q

Pressure of colloid osmotic pressure

A

-30mmHg (out of Bowman’s capsule)

50
Q

Does Pfluid promote or inhibit filtration?

A

Inhibit

51
Q

Pressure of Pfluid

A

-15mmHg (out of Bowman’s capsule)

52
Q

Net filtration pressure

A

10mmHg

Filtration, Excretion (3 decks)

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