KIDNEY + TECHNOLOGY Flashcards
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What is the primary function of the kidneys?
The kidneys filter out nitrogenous wastes from the blood and maintain homeostatsis by regulating salt and water levels (osmoregulation) and controlling blood volume and pressure
How are waste products processed and eliminated by the kidneys?
Waste products are collected as urine, which moves from the kidneys to the bladder through the ureters and is eventually eliminated from the body through the urethra.
What is osmoregulation, and how do kidneys play a role in it?
Osmoregulation is the regulation of salt and water balance in the body. Kidneys maintain osmoregulation by adjusting the excretion of salts and water, ensuring the body’s internal environment remains stable.
ureters
The tubes through which urine moves from the kidneys to the bladder
What is the pathway of blood flow through the kidney?
Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery and exits via the renal vein after being filtered and processed.
What are the three main areas of the kidney?
he main areas of the kidney are the cortex (outermost layer), medulla (inner structures resembling petals), and pelvis (central drainage area connected to the ureter).
What is the role of the renal artery in kidney function?
The renal artery carries oxygenated blood containing waste products into the kidney for filtration and removal of toxins and excess substances.
Functional Unit of the Kidney:
The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration and waste removal is the nephron.
What is the first step in urine formation within the nephron, and what forces plasma out of the blood?
filtration, where blood pressure forces plasma out of the blood through the glomerulus and into the Bowman’s capsule.
What happens to the fluid once it enters the Bowman’s capsule, and what is it called at this stage?
glomerular filtrate.
What components are present in the glomerular filtrate, and which larger molecules remain in the blood during filtration?
The glomerular filtrate includes waste products, water, salt, and dissolved ions
Larger molecules such as red blood cells remain in the blood.
: After filtration, where does the filtrate flow, and what substances are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream?
The filtrate flows into the tubule. Small useful substances such as glucose and amino acids in the filtrate are reabsorbed back into the blood through the semi-permeable tubule walls.
How is urine removed from the body, and what is the storage organ for urine
Urine is removed via the ureter and stored in the bladder until it is expelled from the body through urination via the urethra.
What is urine??
Urine primarily contains water, urea, excess salts, and other wate products
How is urine formed and where does it go
:The remaining filtrate, now concentrated with waste products, excess ions, and water, continues its journey through the renal tubules, where the concentration of urine occurs.
Collection: The concentrated urine flows from collecting duct into the renal pelvis and then into the ureter, which transports it to the bladder for storage.
