Kidney phisiology Flashcards
What is secreted in the glomerulus?
- RENIN! Juxtoglomerula cells (granular cells) secrete renin!
- Renin angiotensin system
What is absorbed in the glomerulus?
- Water
- Glucose
- Amino acids
What does the glomerulus do?
• Filters blood
What is secreted in the Proximal convoluted tubule?
- H+ ions
* Organic acids and bases
What is absorbed in the Proximal convoluted tubule?
- All glucose
- Lactate and amino acids
- 65% of water
- 80% HCO3-
- 60% CL-
- 55% K+
What does the Proximal convoluted tubule do?
- This is the main site of reabsorbtion
* Site of action for osmotic diuretics → Mannitol, iosorbide.
What does the descending loop of Henle do?
It is the main site of water reabsorbtion
What is absorbed in the descending loop of Henle?
Water! Nothing else, just water.
What is secreted in the descending loop of Henle?
nothing. Nothing is absorbed.
Where is the main site that concentrates urine?
The loop of Henle
What is absorbed in the Ascending loop of Henle?
- SALT!!!
- K+
- Ca+
- Mg+
What is secreted in the Ascending loop of Henle?
• H+ ions
What does the ascending loop of Henle do?
- It is the main site of salt reabsorption
* Site of action for loop diuretics → Furosemide, bumetanide
Where is the site of action for loop diuretics?
The ascending loop of henle.
What is absorbed in the distal convoluted tubule?
- NaCl+ → in response to aldosterone hormone
* Ca2+ → in response to Parathyroid hormone
What is secreted in the distal convoluted tubule?
- Aldosterone
* K+
What does the distal convoluted tubule do?
It adjusts the composition of urine
What is released by the macular densa in the distal convoluted tubule?
Aldosterone
What is the release of aldosterone in response to?
↑↑ NaCl concentration
Where is the site of action for thiazide diuretics?
The distal convoluted tubule
What does the collecting duct do?
responsible for the final concentration of urine
What is secreted in the collecting duct?
• K+ → regulated by aldosterone
What is absorbed in the collecting duct?
- Water → regulated by ADH
- Salt → regulated by aldosterone
- Urea. ↑↑ by aldosterone
Where is erythropoietin produced?
- Predominantly in adulthood, erythropoietin is produced by interstitial fibroblasts in the kidney
- Predominantly in childhood, it is produced in perisinusoidal cells in the liver.
What is erythropoietin?
• EPO controls red blood cell production.
What is rhabdomylosis?
- It is a condition where skeletal muscle is damaged and breaks down releasing myoglobin into the blood stream.
- Myoglobin may thus cause renal tubular obstruction, direct nephrotoxicity (ischemia and tubular injury), intrarenal vasoconstriction, and acute kidney injury (AKI).
