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USMLE > Kidney Pathology > Flashcards

Kidney Pathology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is the hallmark of acute renal failure?

A

azotemia (increased BUN and Cr), often with oliguria. develops within days

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2
Q

What are the general characteristics of Nephrotic Syndrome?

A

Proteinuria (> 3.5 g/day) resulting in:
Hypoalbuminemia – pitting edema
Hypogammaglobulinemia – increased risk of infxn
Hypercoagulable state – due to loss of antithrombin II
Hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia

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3
Q

What conditions are classified as Nephrotic Syndromes?

A

Minimal Change Disease, Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), Membranous Nephropathy, Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, Diabetes Mellitus, Systemic Amyloidosis

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4
Q

Characteristics of Minimal Change Disease

A

MC idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in kids
Effacement of foot processes on EM; excellent response to steroids. No immune complex deposits and negative immunofluorescence

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USMLE (4 decks)

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