kidney and urinary system

Question 1

ureters do what

Answer 1

carry urine form kidney to bladder via peristaltic action

Question 2

urethra

Answer 2

transports urine from bladder out of body

Question 3

how the kidney works

Answer 3

blood is carried into each kidney via the renal arteries
blood that has circulated through the kidneys is collected by renal veins
renal veins then empty into the inferior vena cava and eventually back to the heart

Question 4

as urine is produced it will flow from:

Answer 4

papilla
minor calyx
major calyx
renal pelvis
ureter

Question 5

excretory kidney function

Answer 5

removes waste from the blood in the form of urine

Question 6

regulatory kidney function

Answer 6

retention of nutrients, acid base balance, electrolyte water balance

Question 7

endocrine kidney function

Answer 7

synthesis of hormones (adrenal glands)

Question 8

what does the nephron do

Answer 8

filters blood

Question 9

nephron is located in

Answer 9

each pyramid and span both the cortex and the medulla areas

Question 10

blood circulation

Answer 10

blood enters the glomerulus through the Afferent arteriole
then leaves through the Efferent arteriole

Question 11

glomerular filtration (GFR)

Answer 11

large molecules like WBC and RBC stay in plasma but small substances get filtered (glucose, electrolytes, etc)

Question 12

tubular reabsorption is

Answer 12

water dissolved substances in the urine filtrate move from the renal tubules back into the blood of the peritubular capillaries

Question 13

renal threshold

Answer 13

minimum concentration of a substance in blood where it appears in urine

Question 14

threshold substance

Answer 14

in urine only after exceeding a certain concentration in blood
(amino acids, glucose, positive ions)

Question 15

what are the positive ions that aren’t included as a threshold substance

Answer 15

sodium and potassium