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Renal I > Kidney and ureter anatomy > Flashcards

Kidney and ureter anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the weight range of the kidney?

A

130-170 g

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2
Q

What is the relation of the kidneys to the vertebrae?

A

Extends from T12-L3, slightly lower on R

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3
Q

What are the layers of the covering around the kidney from deep to superficial?

A

Fibrous capsule
Perinephric fate
Renal fascia
Paranephric fat

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4
Q

What is nephroptosis/floating kidney/renal ptosis?

A

Abnormal condition where the kidney drops down into the pelvic when the pt stands up

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5
Q

What enters/exits the hilum of the kidney from anterior to posterior?

A

Renal vein
Renal artery
Renal pelvis

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6
Q

What are the relations/areas of the anterior R kidney?

A

Suprarenal area
Duodenal area
Hepatic area
Colic area
Jejunal area

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7
Q

What are the relations/areas of the anterior L kidney?

A

Suprarenal area
Splenic area
Gastric area
Pancreatic area
Colic area
Jejunal area

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8
Q

What are the relations of the posterior surface of the kidney?

A

Medial and lateral arcuate ligaments of diaphragm
11-12th rib (12th only on R)
Subcostal vessels and N
Iliohypogastric N
Ilioinguinal N
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum
Transverse abdominis

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9
Q

What is the location of the renal angle?

A

On the back between lower border of 12th rib and lateral border of erector spinae muscle

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10
Q

At what level do the renal arteries branch from the aorta?

A

L2

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11
Q

What are the 5 segmental arteries in the kidney?

A

Lobar A
Interlobar A
Arcuate A
Interlobular A
Afferent glomerular arterioles

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12
Q

What are the 5 vascular segments of the kidney?

A

Apical
Superior (anterior)
Middle (anterior)
Inferior
Posterior

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13
Q

What is the location of the avascular plane of Brodel?

A

Just posterior to the lateral convex border of the kidney

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14
Q

What is the venous drainage of the kidney?

A

Efferent arteriole into peritubular capillaries and vasa recta
Then into cortical radiate V to arcuate V to interlobar V
Then into Renal V which drains into IVC

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15
Q

Why is the L kidney most commonly transplanted?

A

L renal V is 3x longer than the R as it crosses in front of the aorta to reach the IVC

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the kidney?

A

SyNS: Thoracic and lumbar spanchnic N (T11-L2) to renal plexuses

17
Q

What are the tree constriction points of the ureter?

A

Ureteropelvic junction
Crossing the pelvic brim at the bifurcation of common iliac A
Ureterovesical junction

18
Q

What forms the renal pelvis?

A

Union of major calyces within th erenal sinus

19
Q

What is the capacity of renal pelvis?

A

5-7 mL

20
Q

What is posteriorly related to the ureters?

A

Psoas major and the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae
Genitofemoral N

21
Q

What is anteriorly related to the R ureter?

A

Parietal peritoneum
R gonadal vessels
Second and third parts of duodenum
Root of mesentery

22
Q

What is anteriorly related to the L ureter?

A

Parietal peritoneum
L gonadal vessels
Apex of the V-shaped attachment of the sigmoid mesocolon

23
Q

What are the pelvic relations of the ureter in a female?

A

Inferior to uterine A and V
Anterior to all the nerves and vessels on the lateral pelvic wall

24
Q

What are the pelvic relations of the ureter in a male?

A

Posterolateral and inferior to ductus deferens
Anterior to all the nerves and vessels on the lateral pelvic wall

25
Q

What factors prevent urine reflux from bladder into ureters?

A

Oblique direction of intravesical part of ureter maintained by trigonal muscle
Peristalsis of the ureteral muscle
Pressure gradients

26
Q

What is the arterial supply of the proximal ureters?

A

Renal A

27
Q

What is the arterial supply of the middle ureters?

A

Gonadal A
Aorta
Common iliac A
Internal iliac A

28
Q

What is the arterial supply of the distal ureter?

A

Internal iliac A
Superior vesical A

29
Q

What is the venous drainage of the ureters?

A

Veins correspond to arteries and drain into VC system

30
Q

Where does lymph from the superior ureter drain?

A

Lateral aortic group of lymph nodes

31
Q

Where does lymph from the middle ureter drain?

A

Common iliac lymph nodes

32
Q

Where does lymph from the inferior ureter drain?

A

Internal and external iliac lymph nodes

33
Q

What is the innervation of the ureters?

A

SyNS: T10-L2 segments
PsNS: Pelvic splanchnic (S2-S4)

Via renal, aortic, and hypogastric plexuses

34
Q

What is a uretorocele?

A

Cystic dilatation of the inferior end of the the ureter that will result in expansion of the ureteric orifice when filled and deflation after emptying

35
Q

What is thought to cause a uretorocele?

A

Congenital atresia of the ureteric orifice

Renal I (5 decks)

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