kidney

Question 1

ultrafiltration

Answer 1

occurs due to hydrostatic pressure-water+glucose forced out the glomerulus into the renal capsule

Question 2

selecive reabsorptioin

Answer 2

proximal convoluted tubules-glomereuls filtaret reabsorbed back into blood leaving waste- urea

Question 3

loop of henle

Answer 3

maintains sodium ion gradient so water can be reabsorbed by blood

Question 4

pct adaptations

Answer 4

microvilli and mitrochondria for active transport +high supply of capillaries

Question 5

apical side or basal side

Answer 5

basal-side-capillary
apical side- tubuyule side

Question 6

secondary active transport

Answer 6

active trsnaport of sodium allows for the cotransport of amino acids whotout using atp directly up the conc gradient

Question 7

osmoregulation flow of water from where

Answer 7

water flows from high water potential(glomerular filtrate) to low water potential(epitheleum) then into the blood

Question 8

adaptations for reabsorption

Answer 8

proximal convoluted tubule-
microvilli-increase surface area-more protein pumps
tangled and coiled-increases distance reabsorption can occur
many mitrochondria for active transport and secondary active transport

Question 9

effect of adh +where

Answer 9

released when thirsty-increases permeability of collectign duct +posterior pituaroti

Question 10

adh action

Answer 10

binds to complemtnary adh receptors on collecting duct on basal side

Question 11

how does it increase permeabolity